植物学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05): 576-584.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

太白红杉小孢子的发生和雄配子体的发育

俞晓敏 赵桂仿   

  1. (西北大学生命科学学院 西安 710069)
  • 收稿日期:2002-12-28 修回日期:2003-04-25 出版日期:2003-10-20 发布日期:2003-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 赵桂仿

Microsporogenesis and Malegametogenesis of Larix chinensis Beissn

YU Xiao-Min ZHAO Gui-Fang   

  1. (The College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069)
  • Received:2002-12-28 Revised:2003-04-25 Online:2003-10-20 Published:2003-10-20
  • Contact: ZHAO Gui-Fang

摘要: 太白红杉(Larix chinensis Beissn)的雄球花7月初开始分化。小孢子囊壁一般包括5~6层细胞:表皮、药室内壁、2~3层中层和绒毡层。绒毡层属于周原质团型。造孢细胞在7月下旬形成,8月上旬形成小孢子母细胞,8月下旬开始减数分裂,于10月上旬进入双线期,并以双线期渡过休眠。翌年3月下旬解除休眠继续进行减数分裂,4月中旬形成四分体,4月下旬到5月初小孢子从四分体内释放出来,小孢子经过连续4次有丝分裂后,于5月中旬形成5-细胞型的成熟花粉粒(雄配子体)并开始散粉。小孢子母细胞发育表现出不同步现象,部分小孢子母细胞在发育过程中出现退化,在小孢子囊内形成空腔。

Abstract: The male cone of Larix chinensis Beissn differentiates at the beginning of July. The microsporangium wall of L. chinensis comprises one epidermis, one endothecium, 2~3 middle layers, and a tapetum. The tapetum conforms to periplasmodial type. The sporogenous cell occurs in late July. The microspore mother cell is formed in early August, and its meiosis begins to occur in late August. The microspore mother cell enters into diplotene in early October, and goes through dormancy at this phase. The microspore mother cell ends dormancy in late March next year, and continues its meiosis. In the middle of April tetrad forms and microspore is released from late April to early May. After microspore’s four times continuous mitosis, the mature pollen (male gametophyte) which comprising five cells forms and begins shedding in middle May. The development of the microspore mother cell is not synchronous, and some microsporocytes begin to degenerate, resulting in the formation of a large cavity in the microsporangium.