Abstract: Flower color is such an important trait of ornamental plants that creating novel flower colors as a major goal of breeding has been being pursued. For its advantages over traditional breeding technologies, genetic engineering has made a rapid progress in flower color breeding of ornamental plants. Researches on pigmentation of flower color, types of flower pigments, biosyntheses of anthocyanins, genes of flower color, and strategies and methods of genetic engineering of flower color were described to various degrees in this paper. Finally, perspectives and prospects of developing genetic engineering of flower color of ornamental plants in China were discussed.