Abstract: The photosynthetic rate、 stomata resistance of cucumber (Cucumis satius L) leaves were measured and the ultrastructure of stomata and chloroplasts were observed to study the effects of different soil moisture content on the growth of cucumber growing in solar g reenhouse during different culture seasons. With the decreasing of soil moisture the stomata density and stomata resistance prominently enhanced, but it was adverse with the net photosynthetic rate; The nu mber of chloroplast per cell and number of amyloid per chloroplast were lower when the soil moisture content was lower. Compared with the winter_spring season, the above results remained unaltered during the autumn_winter season.