Abstract: Microsatellite DNA can be defined as relatively short runs of tandemly repeated DNA with repeat lengths of 6 bp or less. It is widely distributed in most eukaryotic genomes, following Mendelian inheritance. The SSRs are multiallelic codominant genetic markers. This paper reviewed the progress of the marker applied to genome mapping, gene analysis, genotype identification and marker_assisted selection in soybean breeding in recent years, meanwhile, the author predicted the future development of this technology in soybean research.