Abstract: Yunnan is located in southwestern part of People's Republic of China. In this province,well developed Cenzoic basin are widely distributed and most of them are rich in peat deposits.These peat deposits formed from different plants, and they can be classified by different plants components as the following assemblage types: 1. Moss peat; 2. Grass peat; 3. Grass-ligneous peat.In the mentioned type list the No. 2 is the main type of peat, it comprised Cyperus, Phragmites, Cares, Acorus, Scirpus etc., this type of plants assemblage is main source of peat formation in Yunnan; includes Sphagnum, Sphagnum salicifolia, Polytrichum commune etc.; ligneous plants are also important. All of these plants and significant evidence for the genesis and evolution of these plants are well preserved.