Abstract: The Cathaysia flora is one of the four famous floras of the Late Carboniferous and Permian in the world, which is mainly distributed in Asia and is characterized by numerous Cathaysian genera and species. China is one of the most important localities of the Cathaysia flora and it is also the center of origin of the Cathaysia flora. Many important advances of studies on the Cathaysia flora have been made for more than a century. This paper deals with some major research results of the Cathaysia flora during the last two decades.