Abstract: In the Early Carboniferous, the global climatic differentiations were not obvious as today and all plants belonged to a uniform phytogeographical province, the Lepidodendropsis floral province. There were four phytogeographical provinces in the world during the Late Carboniferous and Permian, e.g., the Cathaysian floral province, Euramerican floral province, Angaran floral province and Gondwanan floral province. The Cathaysian, Euramerican, Angaran floral provi nces were situated in Laurasia of the Northern Hemisphere and the Gondawanan floral province was located in Gondwana of the Southern Hemisphere. This paper deals with some major issues of Carboniferous and Permian phytogeographical provinces in the world, attempting to provide palaeobotanical evidence for palaeocontinental reconstruction.