Abstract: Dasypyrum villosum (syn. Haynaldia villosa ) is a wild ralative species of wheat (Triticum aestivum). It has high protein and lysine contents, strong ability of stress and diseases resistance. It is immune and/or highly resistant to almost all of the virulent races of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici). These characters make it a potential disease-resistant gene pool for wheat improvement. The history and advancement of researches on D. villosum are reviewed. Identification by means of chromosome morphology, biochemical and molecular markers, molecular cytogenetics are discussed. The relationships between V genome of D. villosum origin and other genomes in Triticeae are also discussed in the present paper.