矮牵牛花朵大小遗传规律及相关基因表达分析

doi:10.11983/CBB23141

植物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (3): 0-0.DOI: 10.11983/CBB23141

• 研究报告 •

矮牵牛花朵大小遗传规律及相关基因表达分析

孙苗苗¹, 张蔚^{1, 2}, 张林霞¹, 霍竣涛^{1, 2}, 李志能^2*, 刘国锋^1*

¹广州市林业和园林科学研究院, 广州 510405; ²西南大学园艺园林学院, 重庆 400715

收稿日期:2023-10-16 修回日期:2024-01-04 出版日期:2024-05-01 发布日期:2024-04-17
通讯作者: 刘国锋,李志能
基金资助:
广东省自然科学基金-面上项目(No.2019A1515011840)和广州市科技计划(广州市园林植物科技资源圃)

Inheritance Analysis of Flower Size and Expression of Related Genes in Petunia

Miaomiao Sun¹, Wei Zhang^{1, 2}, Linxia Zhang¹, Zhineng Li ^2*, Guofeng Liu^1*

¹Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou 510405, China; ²College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Received:2023-10-16 Revised:2024-01-04 Online:2024-05-01 Published:2024-04-17
Contact: Guofeng Liu, Zhineng Li

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 花朵大小是植物进化及物种形成过程中的关键因子, 也是决定植物观赏价值的重要性状, 研究其遗传规律与调控机制具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。本试验以不同花朵大小的矮牵牛(Petunia hybrida)自交系和原生种为材料, 配制大花×中花和大花×小花杂交组合, 构建遗传群体, 研究其花朵大小的遗传规律。结果表明, 大花自交系W与腋花矮牵牛S26 (中花)杂交F₁群体均为大花, F₂群体中大花和中花的分离比接近3:1, BC₁回交群体中大花与中花的分离比接近1:1; 大花自交系W与中花自交系S杂交F₁群体均为大花, F₂群体出现花径大小分离, 大花与中花的比例接近2:1; 大花自交系W与膨大矮牵牛S6 (小花)杂交F₁群体均为中花, F₂群体则出现花径从大到小的连续分布。利用主基因＋多基因混合模型分析, 通过AIC值最小的标准选出W×S26组合的最优模型为1MG-AD, W×S的最优模型为2MG-EAD, 由此判定W大花对S26中花由1对显性基因控制, W大花对S中花则由2对基因的半显性控制。另外, 根据前期大小花转录组分析结果, 选取9个可能与花朵大小调控相关的基因, 通过qPCR检测了它们在不同花朵大小的矮牵牛株系花瓣中的表达水平, 结果发现细胞分裂素受体基因PhHK以及响应细胞分裂素信号的type-A RRs基因在大花中的表达水平普遍高于中花和小花, 表明细胞分裂素信号途径可能是参与调控矮牵牛大花性状形成的关键因素。

关键词: 关键词矮牵牛, 花朵大小, 遗传规律, 细胞分裂素信号途径

Abstract: Flower size is a key factor in plant evolution and speciation, and also an important trait that determines plant ornamental value, so it is of great scientific significance and practical value to study the inheritance law and regulatory mechanism of floral size. To clarify the inheritance law of flower size in petunia, the inbred lines and wild species of petunia with different flower sizes were used to make cross combinations and construct genetic populations in this study, including large-flowered line × medium-flowered lines (W × S26 and W × S) and large-flowered line × small-flowered line (W × S6). The results showed that all F₁ generation of W × S26 were large-flowered plants, while the flower size appeared separation in F₂ population with the ratio between large- and medium-flowered individuals of about 3:1, and the segregation ratio between large- and medium-flowered plants was close to 1:1 in the BC₁ backcross population. For the W × S combination, all F₁ individuals were large-flowered, while the flower size appeared separation in the F₂ population, with large- to medium-flowered plants close to 2:1. The F₁ progenies of W × S6 are all medium-flowed plants, while the flower size of the F₂ generation showed evident variation and continuous distribution. Performing mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model analysis, the optimal models for W × S26 and W × S combination were 1MG-AD and 2MG-EAD respectively, according to the standard of minimum AIC value. It is reasonable to conclude that the large flower trait of the inbred line W is controlled by a single dominant gene related to the middle flower trait of S26, whereas the large flower of the inbred line W is controlled by two semi-dominant genes related to the small flower of the inbred line S. In addition, nine genes that may regulate flower size of petunia were selected based on the transcriptomic analysis of large and small flowers, and their expression levels were detected in the petals of various strains with different flower sizes by qPCR. The results showed that the expression levels of cytokinin receptor gene PhHK and Type-A RRs in response to cytokinin signal were generally higher in large flowers than in medium and small flowers, suggesting that cytokinin signaling pathway may be a key factor involved in regulating the large flower trait in petunia.

Key words: Key Words Petunia, flower size, inheritance law, cytokinin signaling pathway

孙苗苗, 张蔚, 张林霞, 霍竣涛, 李志能, 刘国锋. 矮牵牛花朵大小遗传规律及相关基因表达分析. 植物学报, 2024, 59(3): 0-0.

Miaomiao Sun, Wei Zhang, Linxia Zhang, Zhineng Li, Guofeng Liu. Inheritance Analysis of Flower Size and Expression of Related Genes in Petunia. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2024, 59(3): 0-0.

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矮牵牛花朵大小遗传规律及相关基因表达分析

Inheritance Analysis of Flower Size and Expression of Related Genes in Petunia

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