别开生面: 被子植物受精机制研究的新发现

doi:10.11983/CBB23083

植物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 515-518.DOI: 10.11983/CBB23083

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别开生面: 被子植物受精机制研究的新发现

彭雄波, 孙蒙祥()

武汉大学生命科学学院, 杂交水稻全国重点实验室, 武汉 430072

收稿日期:2023-06-24 接受日期:2023-07-14 出版日期:2023-07-01 发布日期:2023-07-28
通讯作者: *E-mail: mxsun@whu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32130031);国家自然科学基金(32200702)

Out of the Road: Novel Finding in Regulatory Mechanism of Angiosperm Fertilization

Xiongbo Peng, Meng-xiang Sun()

State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

Received:2023-06-24 Accepted:2023-07-14 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-07-28
Contact: *E-mail: mxsun@whu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 被子植物受精调控机制一直是植物有性生殖领域的研究热点之一。近年来, 对于花粉管导向、防止多精入卵以及受精恢复系统启动等关键过程的研究有了快速进展。但迄今发现的主要调控途径均为基于助细胞功能、旨在确保双受精成功的机制, 而对基于中央细胞确保双受精成功的机制仍知之甚少。近期, 李红菊研究组在该领域取得了新的突破, 他们发现中央细胞也能够分泌吸引花粉管的小肽, 进而揭示了一条全新的不依赖于助细胞的受精恢复途径, 填补了对受精机制认识的一个空白。

关键词: 受精恢复, 中央细胞, 花粉管导向, 助细胞

Abstract: Angiosperm fertilization has been a hot topic in the field of sexual plant reproduction. In recent years, great advances have been made in the studies on some critical steps, such as pollen tube guidance, polytubey block, and fertilization recovery system. However, most of these known mechanisms are synergid cell-based for ensuring successful double fertilization, the counterpart system based on central cell remains poorly understood. A recently published paper from Hongju Li’s lab revealed that the central cell could also secrete peptides as pollen tube attractants to guide the pollen tube entering embryo sac to ensure double fertilization. Interestingly, this mechanism is not synergid-dependent. Thus, the authors revealed a novel fertilization recovery system and bridged a gap in understanding the mechanism underlying double fertilization.

Key words: fertilization recovery, central cell, pollen tube guidance, synergid cells

彭雄波, 孙蒙祥. 别开生面: 被子植物受精机制研究的新发现. 植物学报, 2023, 58(4): 515-518.

Xiongbo Peng, Meng-xiang Sun. Out of the Road: Novel Finding in Regulatory Mechanism of Angiosperm Fertilization. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(4): 515-518.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB23083

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2023/V58/I4/515

图/表 1

图1 中央细胞介导受精补偿的机制模型在正常授粉条件下, 助细胞(s)分泌吸引信号, 引导花粉管进入胚囊, 释放2个精细胞, 分别与卵细胞(e)和中央细胞(central cell)融合, 实现双受精。这时中央细胞表达的SALVAGER小肽保存在中央细胞中。当花粉管携带的精细胞无受精能力时(如gcs1突变体精细胞), 2个助细胞都被花粉管消除, 但未发生双受精, 这时中央细胞中的SALVAGERs小肽向珠孔和珠柄分泌, 吸引新的花粉管进入。当新花粉管携带有功能的精细胞时, 双受精成功发生, 实现正常结实和后代繁衍。

Figure 1 A model of central cell-controlled fertilization re- covery At normal pollination condition, the synergids (s) secrete attractant to guide the pollen tube into the embryo sac and release the two sperm cells, which fuse with the egg (e) and central cell to accomplish double fertilization. At this condition, the central cell-expressed SALVAGER peptides are deposited in the central cell. When the sperm cells are sterile, like in the gcs1 mutant, the two synergids are consumed by two pollen tubes but the egg and central cell are not fertilized. At this condition, SALVAGERs are secreted to the micropyle and funiculus to guide the new coming pollen tubes. When the new arriving pollen tubes are fertile, double fertilization is recovered and reproductive success is achieved.

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别开生面: 被子植物受精机制研究的新发现

Out of the Road: Novel Finding in Regulatory Mechanism of Angiosperm Fertilization

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