植物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 741-744.DOI: 10.11983/CBB18187 cstr: 32102.14.CBB18187
沈锦波1,*(
), 姜里文2,3,*()
首页收稿日期:2018-09-02
出版日期:2018-11-01
发布日期:2018-12-05
通讯作者:
沈锦波,姜里文
作者简介:作者简介:白克智, 1959年开始在中国科学院植物研究所工作, 先后任助理研究员、研究员, 长期从事植物生长发育及其调控的研究。1986年,其主持的“满江红生物学特性研究”荣获中国科学院科技进步二等奖。曾任《植物生理学报》编委、《植物学报》常务编委、中国植物生长调节剂协会主任等职。
Shen Jinbo1,*(), Jiang Liwen2,3,*()
Received:2018-09-02
Online:2018-11-01
Published:2018-12-05
Contact:
Shen Jinbo,Jiang Liwen
摘要： 微管是细胞骨架的重要组成部分, 为真核细胞生命活动所必需。与其它生物体类似, 微管不仅在植物生长发育中起重要作用, 而且参与响应外界环境信号。近期, 中国科学家在解析植物微管精准切割及微管骨架动态重构调控机制的研究中取得突破性进展。
沈锦波, 姜里文. 中国科学家在植物细胞骨架研究领域取得突破性进展. 植物学报, 2018, 53(6): 741-744.
Shen Jinbo, Jiang Liwen. Chinese Scientists Make Groundbreaking Discoveries in Plant Cytoskeleton. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2018, 53(6): 741-744.
图 1 Katanin和Augmin在植物微管(MTs)动态构象中的功能模式图(改自Wang et al., 2017, 2018) (A) 拟南芥Katanin蛋白复合体的组装及其微管切割机制。Katanin蛋白复合体由p60亚基KTN1和p80亚基KTN80组成异源二聚体, 最终形成十二聚体的环状超复合体(左图)。KTN80可将KTN1-KTN80异源二聚体导向至微管切割位点; 而KTN1介导形成KTN1- KTN80环状超复合体, 并识别特异的微管构象、完成切割(右图)。(B) Augmin定位在微管交叉点上, 并且通过抑制Katanin的切割和稳定微管交叉构象, 来调控微管动态重组与细胞形态建成(左图)。与野生型相比, 在Augmin的基因沉默突变体中(amiR-AUG6), 抑制Augmin活性能使微管切割的频率加快并形成更多的平行微管阵列(右图)。
Figure 1 Schematic models of Katanin and Augmin functions on microtubules (MTs) organization in plants (modified from Wang et al., 2017, 2018) (A) The formation of Katanin complexes and MTs severing in Arabidopsis cells. Katanin is composed of a p60 subunit KTN1 and a p80 subunit KTN80, which exists as a KTN1-KTN80 heterodimer in the cytosol (left panel). KTN80 determines the precise targeting of KTN1-KTN80 heterodimers to MTs crossover and branching nucleation sites. KTN1 further triggers the oligomerization of the mixed types of KTN1-KTN80 heterodimers that sense MT geometry to confer precise MT severing (right panel); (B) Augmin functions in regulating microtubule arrays by preventing katanin-mediated microtubule severing and maintaining the stability of crossovers (left panel). In the Augmin knockdown mutant (amiR-AUG6), a significantly higher microtubule severing frequency occurs and a greater proportion of aligned microtubule arrays (right panel) compared to the fine-network microtubule architectures observed in wild-type (left panel).
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