Chinese Bulletin of Botany ›› 2021, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 533-543.DOI: 10.11983/CBB21012
• EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNICATIONS • Previous Articles Next Articles
Yihao Yan1,2, Di Wang1,*(
), Jingyi Li1, Wenying Zhang1, Yuanpeng Hao1, Fei Xia1, Hui Li1, Hongtong Bai1, Lei Shi1,*()
HomeReceived:2021-01-18
Accepted:2021-04-19
Online:2021-09-01
Published:2021-08-31
Contact:
Di Wang,Lei Shi
Yihao Yan, Di Wang, Jingyi Li, Wenying Zhang, Yuanpeng Hao, Fei Xia, Hui Li, Hongtong Bai, Lei Shi. Effects of 60Co-γ Ray Radiation on Morphology and Volatile Components of Origanum vulgare[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2021, 56(5): 533-543.
Figure 1 Germination and seedling formation of oregano seeds treated with different doses of 60Co-γ radiation (A) Germination rate; (B) Radicle length; (C) Germination rate and survival rate; (D) Dose effect curve. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in germination rate among different treatments (P<0.05). Different capital letters indicate significant differences in survival rate among different treatments (P<0.05).
Figure 2 Phenotypic variation of oregano individual plants after 60Co-γ radiation (A)-(D) Mutation at seedling stage: dwarfing (A), basal branching (B), shortening of internode spacing (C), and early flowering (D); (E)-(H) Variation of flower color: the petals were pink-white in control (CK) (E), pink in mutant 20-2 (F), white and violet in mutant 10-11 (G), and violet in mutant 10-4 (H); (I)-(L) Variation of plant shape: the plant shape changed from creepers of CK (I), to up straight of 20-13 (J), 30-5 (K), and 10-19 (L); (M) Variation of leaf morphology, from left to right were CK, 10-4, 20-2, 20-19, 30-8, and 40-6. Bars=2 mm
| Dose (Gy) | Height (cm) | Stem diameter (mm) | Number of branches | Leaf length (cm) | Leaf width (cm) | Leaf length and width ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 28.10±3.87 a | 0.87±0.84 b | 4.20±0.79 bc | 2.14±0.22 b | 1.49±0.20 b | 1.43±0.03 a |
| 10 | 18.60±2.99 b | 0.94±0.14 b | 4.51±1.36 b | 2.36±0.16 a | 1.58±0.18 b | 1.49±0.13 a |
| 20 | 20.00±2.83 b | 0.97±0.05 b | 6.02±1.25 a | 2.31±0.12 ab | 1.76±0.19 a | 1.31±0.06 b |
| 30 | 19.10±2.23 b | 1.06±0.09 b | 4.00±0.94 b | 2.03±0.17 ab | 1.49±0.12 b | 1.36±0.10 b |
| 40 | 15.50±2.23 c | 1.10±0.01 a | 3.02±0.82 c | 1.85±0.24 c | 1.29±0.19 c | 1.43±0.08 a |
Table 1 Effects of different doses of 60Co-γ radiation on branch number and leaf shape of Origanum vulgare (means±SD)
| Dose (Gy) | Height (cm) | Stem diameter (mm) | Number of branches | Leaf length (cm) | Leaf width (cm) | Leaf length and width ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 28.10±3.87 a | 0.87±0.84 b | 4.20±0.79 bc | 2.14±0.22 b | 1.49±0.20 b | 1.43±0.03 a |
| 10 | 18.60±2.99 b | 0.94±0.14 b | 4.51±1.36 b | 2.36±0.16 a | 1.58±0.18 b | 1.49±0.13 a |
| 20 | 20.00±2.83 b | 0.97±0.05 b | 6.02±1.25 a | 2.31±0.12 ab | 1.76±0.19 a | 1.31±0.06 b |
| 30 | 19.10±2.23 b | 1.06±0.09 b | 4.00±0.94 b | 2.03±0.17 ab | 1.49±0.12 b | 1.36±0.10 b |
| 40 | 15.50±2.23 c | 1.10±0.01 a | 3.02±0.82 c | 1.85±0.24 c | 1.29±0.19 c | 1.43±0.08 a |
Figure 3 Effects of different doses of 60Co-γ radiation on the density and size of glandular hair of survivals (A)-(F) The varied density of glandular hairs under fluorescence microscopy (bars=200 μm); (G) Cluster thermography of glandular hair density; (H) Cluster thermography of glandular hair size, the inner ring represents the adaxial end, and the outer ring represents the abaxial end.
| Dose (Gy) | Glandular hair density (·cm-2) | Glandular hair size (·mm-2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adaxial end | Abaxial end | Adaxial end | Abaxial end | |
| 0 | 163.53±11.43 a | 182.22±6.07 a | 0.33±0.00 c | 0.37±0.01 b |
| 10 | 138.56±15.89 b | 155.04±14.09 b | 0.34±0.02 bc | 0.37±0.01 b |
| 20 | 160.15±8.23 a | 182.18±12.68 a | 0.42±0.11 a | 0.44±0.15 a |
| 30 | 137.49±5.47 b | 156.79±20.84 b | 0.39±0.01 ab | 0.39±0.01 b |
| 40 | 123.11±2.89 b | 147.89±6.73 b | 0.37±0.00 b | 0.38±0.01 b |
Table 2 Effects of different doses of 60Co-γ radiation on density and size of glandular hair of oregano (means±SD)
| Dose (Gy) | Glandular hair density (·cm-2) | Glandular hair size (·mm-2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adaxial end | Abaxial end | Adaxial end | Abaxial end | |
| 0 | 163.53±11.43 a | 182.22±6.07 a | 0.33±0.00 c | 0.37±0.01 b |
| 10 | 138.56±15.89 b | 155.04±14.09 b | 0.34±0.02 bc | 0.37±0.01 b |
| 20 | 160.15±8.23 a | 182.18±12.68 a | 0.42±0.11 a | 0.44±0.15 a |
| 30 | 137.49±5.47 b | 156.79±20.84 b | 0.39±0.01 ab | 0.39±0.01 b |
| 40 | 123.11±2.89 b | 147.89±6.73 b | 0.37±0.00 b | 0.38±0.01 b |
Figure 4 Analysis of volatile components of 25 mutants after 60Co-γ irradiation (A) Analysis of proportion of components; (B) PCA score chart; (C) PCA factor load chart; (D) Hierarchical cluster analysis
Figure 5 Content analysis of carvacrol and thymol in selected superior plants after 60Co-γ radiation (A) Carvacrol competes with thymol in synthesis; (B) Thermogram analysis of carvacrol and thymol content in 25 irradiated plants, the red direction represents an increase in the value and the blue direction represents a decrease in the value, all the data were processed by logarithm; (C) Chromatogram of components between control and treated individuals; (D) Content comparison of carvacrol and thymol between control and treated individuals. The leaves of each sample were mixed and analyzed three times, where the average was taken. CK: Control. * significant differences at the level of 0.05, ** extremely significant differences at the level of 0.01, *** extremely significant differences at the level of 0.001
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