Abstract: Poplar has been developed as a model in forestry genetic engineering. The regeneration of its plantlets not only depends on the genotype and age of the donor tree, the origin and physiological state of the explants, but also is influenced by environmental factors, such as the content of inorganic compounds and the kind and ratio of exogenous hormones. Both direct DNA transfer and Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer have been applied to poplar gene engineering. However, the application of 〖WTBX〗Agrobacterium_〖WTBZ〗mediated DNA transfer was more common than that of direct DNA transfer. Along with the development of tissue culture and DNA transformation techniques, genetic engineering of poplar has quickly been developed and widely applied. Tissue culture and genetic engineering of poplar are reviewed in this paper.