Abstract: Photosynthesis, the most important chemical reaction on earth and one of life's top 10 greatest inventions, plays a key role in biological evolution, biosphere formation and operation, human appearance and sustainable development of economy and society. According to recent international and national conferences on photosynthesis, current research covers wide fields and deep levels with more advanced techniques. Research emphases are on reaction mechanism, structure and function of photosynthesis; mechanisms of assembly, operation and regulation of photosynthetic apparatus; and photosynthesis and sustainable development of human society.