Research Advances on the Effect of High Temperature Stress on Plant Photosynthesis

doi:10.11983/CBB22079

Abstract

Abstract: With the increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentration caused by human activities, the global climate continues to warm. The past five years have been the hottest since the record of temperature. High temperature stress has become one of the main adverse factors affecting plant growth and development. Photosynthesis is the basis of life activities on earth, and it is highly sensitive to fluctuation in environmental factors. Understanding the response of plant photosynthesis under high temperature stress can provide a scientific basis for exploring the physiological and ecological mechanisms of plant tolerance to high temperature stress, cultivating new heat-tolerant varieties and taking reasonable measures to adapt to extreme climate in the future. In this paper, the effects of high temperature stress on the process of photosynthetic electron transfer and carbon fixation in plants were reviewed, and the effects of light on photosynthesis under high temperature stress were comprehensively analyzed from the perspective of light quality and light intensity. This paper also expounded the ways and mechanisms to improve the tolerance of plants to high temperature stress from the aspects of plants themselves and exogenous mitigating substances. Meanwhile, the research direction of plant photosynthesis response to high temperature stress and the application of multi-histology combined analysis in the comprehensive study of the mechanism of plant tolerance to high temperature stress were prospected.

Key words: high temperature stress, plant photosynthesis, response mechanism, defense mechanism

Yongjiang Sun, Qi Wang, Qiwen Shao, Zhiming Xin, Huijie Xiao, Jin Cheng. Research Advances on the Effect of High Temperature Stress on Plant Photosynthesis[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(3): 486-498.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB22079

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2023/V58/I3/486

Figures/Tables 4

Figure 1 High temperature stress induces PSII photoinhibition in plants High temperature stress can lead to the inactivation of oxygen evolving complex and photosynthetic electron transport chain at PSII (1), It can also result in excess excitation and accumulation by inhibiting the process of carbon fixation, resulting in excess excitation and accumulation, resulting in a large amount of ROS accumulation. On the one hand, ROS directly damage the photosynthetic apparatus components (2), on the other hand, ROS cause the net loss of the D1 protein by inhibiting its de novo synthesis (3), thereby inducing PSII photoinhibition. D1: D1 protein; D2: D2 protein; OEC: Oxygen evolving complex; PSII: Photosystem II; ROS: Reactive oxygen species

Figure 2 Changes in the photosynthetic electron transfer chain in plants under high temperature stress (A) The directional transfer of electrons and protons depends on the key protein complexes in thylakoid membranes; under suitable temperature conditions, electrons in H2O oxidized by PSII are mainly transferred to PSI through linear electron flow (LEF), and NADP+ is reduced to NADPH under the action of Fd and FNR, forming the reducing force needed to fix CO2; (B) Under high temperature stress condition, LEF is inhibited, PQ-pool is reduced, and NDH and PGR5 (proton gradient regulation 5)/PGRL1 (proton gradient regulation like 1)-dependent cyclic electron flow (CEF) is activated; the down-regulation of LEF can promote the oxidation of P700 by reducing the electrons transferred to PSI, while the activation of CEF can produce more ATP by increasing the transmembrane proton gradient and protect the photosynthetic apparatus by stimulating non-photochemical quenching. Therefore, under high temperature stress, LEF and CEF synergistically regulate the redox state and heat dissipation of PQ-pool and P700, and thus play a role in photoprotection. P680 and P700 refer to the wavelength absorption peak of chlorophyll in the visible spectrum of PSII and PSI reaction centers, respectively. The green arrow indicates LEF flow, and the red line indicates CEF flow. Fd: Ferredoxin; FNR: Ferredoxin-NADP reductase; NADP+: Oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleoside phosphate; NDH: NA(P)H dehydrogenase complex; PQ: Plastoquinone; PQH2: Plastoquinol

Table 1 Effects of high temperature stress on the activities of enzymes involved in carbon assimilation processes of plant pho- tosynthesis

植物种名	处理温度/时间	酶	酶活性	参考文献
橡树(Quercus pubescens)	35°C/0.5小时	Rubisco	降低	Haldimann and Feller, 2004
豌豆(Pisum sativum)	50°C/0.5小时	PEPC	降低	Chinthapalli et al., 2003
剪股颖(Agrostis palustris)	35°C/10天	Rubisco	降低	Xu and Huang, 2001
水稻(Oryza sativa)	35°C/2小时	SBPase	降低	Feng et al., 2007
水稻(O. sativa) 水稻(O. sativa)	42°C/24小时 42°C/24小时	TK PRK	升高降低	Lee et al., 2007 Lee et al., 2007

Table 2 Alleviation of exogenous substances to photosynthesis under high temperature stress

植物种名	外源物质	处理温度/时间	浓度/方式	参考文献
烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)	氯化钙	40°C/24小时	20 mmol?L^-1/叶面喷施	Tan et al., 2011
水稻(Oryza sativa)	表油菜素内酯	40°C/7天	0.1 μmol?L^-1/叶面喷施	Thussagunpanit et al., 2015
马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)	亚磷酸钾	37°C/24小时	1%/土壤施入	Xi et al., 2020
番茄(S. lycopersicum)	褪黑素	42°C/24小时	100 mmol?L^-1/叶面喷施	Jahan et al., 2021
小麦(Triticum aestivum)	海藻糖	40°C/24小时	1.5 mmol?L^-1/水培施入	Luo et al., 2021
水稻(O. sativa)	亚精胺	37.5°C/22天	1 mmol?L^-1/叶面喷施	Tang et al., 2018
高羊茅(Lolium arundinaceum)	柠檬酸	35°C/15天	20 mmol?L^-1/叶面喷施	Hu et al., 2016
番茄(S. lycopersicum)	抗坏血酸	40°C/8小时	0.5 mmol?L^-1/叶面喷施	Alayafi, 2020

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