Chinese Bulletin of Botany ›› 2016, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6): 782-789.DOI: 10.11983/CBB15210
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Wei Guo1,2, Xusheng Gong1,2, Xuwei Deng1,2, Zhengxiang Wang1,2, Zhongqiang Li1,2*
Received:
2015-11-29
Accepted:
2016-03-25
Online:
2016-11-01
Published:
2016-12-02
Contact:
Li Zhongqiang
About author:
# Co-first authors
Wei Guo, Xusheng Gong, Xuwei Deng, Zhengxiang Wang, Zhongqiang Li. Community Succession of Macrophytes in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Hanjiang River[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2016, 51(6): 782-789.
Site distribution | Possession city | Distance between site distribution and estuary (km) |
---|---|---|
Sanguandian | Danjiangkou | 636.45 |
Jiangjiazhou | Gucheng | 598.35 |
Zhangwan | Xiangyang | 521.37 |
Qianying | Xiangyang | 503.22 |
Yaowan | Yicheng | 458.18 |
Huangzhuang | Zhongxiang | 379.13 |
Shayang | Jingmen | 289.72 |
Zekou | Qianjiang | 235.32 |
Yuekou | Tianmen | 183.62 |
Guanyintang | Xiantao | 153.81 |
Caidian | Wuhan | 42.41 |
Zongguan | Wuhan | 9.35 |
Table 1 Site distribution of aquatic plant community in mid- lower Hanjiang River
Site distribution | Possession city | Distance between site distribution and estuary (km) |
---|---|---|
Sanguandian | Danjiangkou | 636.45 |
Jiangjiazhou | Gucheng | 598.35 |
Zhangwan | Xiangyang | 521.37 |
Qianying | Xiangyang | 503.22 |
Yaowan | Yicheng | 458.18 |
Huangzhuang | Zhongxiang | 379.13 |
Shayang | Jingmen | 289.72 |
Zekou | Qianjiang | 235.32 |
Yuekou | Tianmen | 183.62 |
Guanyintang | Xiantao | 153.81 |
Caidian | Wuhan | 42.41 |
Zongguan | Wuhan | 9.35 |
Site | Year | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2002 | 2013-2014 | ||||||
Major community type | Biomass (g·m-2) | Coverage (%) | Major community type | Biomass (g·m-2) | Coverage (%) | ||
Danjiangkou | 1. Ass. Potamogeton perfoliatus+ Hydrilla verticillata+P. maackianus 2. Ass. P. malaianus | 2100 | 95 | 1. Ass. P. perfoliatus+P. maac- kianus 2. Ass. P. malaianus+Myriophy- llum spicatum | 9320 | 85 | |
Laohekou | 1. Ass. Typha angustifolia+ Phragmites australis 2. Ass. P. pectinatus+P. malaianus | 1575 | 90 | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
Gucheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. P. malaianus+P. perfoliatus | 12128 | 100 | |
Xiangyang | 1. Ass. P. pectinatus+P. Perfoliatus 2. Ass. P. malaianus+ Hydrocha- ris dubia | 12025 | 70 | 1. Ass. Salvinia natans-Vallisn- eria natans 2. Ass. Alternanthera philoxeroides 3. Ass. Artemisia selengensis | 7789 | 75 | |
Yicheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. Hydrocharis Verticillata+ P. pectinatus | 7680 | 70 | |
Zhongxiang | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. Scirpus triangulatus-A. philoxeroides 2. Ass. Trapa bispinosa- V. natans+C. demersum | 8156 | 90 | |
Shayang | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. Spirodela polyrrhiza 2. Ass. H. dubia+C. demersum | 2717 | 70 | |
Qianjiang | 1. Ass. Typha angustifolia+Phra- gmites australis 2. Ass. P. malaianus+M. spicatum | 2025 | 40 | 1. Ass. S. triangulatus-Hemar- thria altissima 2. Ass. P. australis+T. lutariori- paria 3. Ass. M. spicatum+P. crispus | 3825 | 77 | |
Tianmen | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. P. paspaloides+E. ophiuroides 2. Ass. P. australis-P. paspalo- ides | 3795 | 85 | |
Xiantao | 1. Ass. A. philoxeroides | 375 | 90 | 1. Ass. P. australis+T. lutarioriparia 2. Ass. Conyza canadensis+P. australis+T. lutarioriparia | 4235 | 68 | |
Caidian | 1. Ass. C. demersum+M. Spicatum 2. Ass. A. philoxeroides | 57.5 | 90 | 1. Ass. Eremochloa ophiuroides | 400 | 90 |
Table 2 The biomass and distribution of aquatic plant communities in mid-lower Hanjiang River in different periods
Site | Year | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2002 | 2013-2014 | ||||||
Major community type | Biomass (g·m-2) | Coverage (%) | Major community type | Biomass (g·m-2) | Coverage (%) | ||
Danjiangkou | 1. Ass. Potamogeton perfoliatus+ Hydrilla verticillata+P. maackianus 2. Ass. P. malaianus | 2100 | 95 | 1. Ass. P. perfoliatus+P. maac- kianus 2. Ass. P. malaianus+Myriophy- llum spicatum | 9320 | 85 | |
Laohekou | 1. Ass. Typha angustifolia+ Phragmites australis 2. Ass. P. pectinatus+P. malaianus | 1575 | 90 | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
Gucheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. P. malaianus+P. perfoliatus | 12128 | 100 | |
Xiangyang | 1. Ass. P. pectinatus+P. Perfoliatus 2. Ass. P. malaianus+ Hydrocha- ris dubia | 12025 | 70 | 1. Ass. Salvinia natans-Vallisn- eria natans 2. Ass. Alternanthera philoxeroides 3. Ass. Artemisia selengensis | 7789 | 75 | |
Yicheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. Hydrocharis Verticillata+ P. pectinatus | 7680 | 70 | |
Zhongxiang | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. Scirpus triangulatus-A. philoxeroides 2. Ass. Trapa bispinosa- V. natans+C. demersum | 8156 | 90 | |
Shayang | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. Spirodela polyrrhiza 2. Ass. H. dubia+C. demersum | 2717 | 70 | |
Qianjiang | 1. Ass. Typha angustifolia+Phra- gmites australis 2. Ass. P. malaianus+M. spicatum | 2025 | 40 | 1. Ass. S. triangulatus-Hemar- thria altissima 2. Ass. P. australis+T. lutariori- paria 3. Ass. M. spicatum+P. crispus | 3825 | 77 | |
Tianmen | ─ | ─ | ─ | 1. Ass. P. paspaloides+E. ophiuroides 2. Ass. P. australis-P. paspalo- ides | 3795 | 85 | |
Xiantao | 1. Ass. A. philoxeroides | 375 | 90 | 1. Ass. P. australis+T. lutarioriparia 2. Ass. Conyza canadensis+P. australis+T. lutarioriparia | 4235 | 68 | |
Caidian | 1. Ass. C. demersum+M. Spicatum 2. Ass. A. philoxeroides | 57.5 | 90 | 1. Ass. Eremochloa ophiuroides | 400 | 90 |
Vegetation type | Year | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2002 | 2013-2014 | ||||
Number of associations | Ratio of total associations (%) | Number of associations | Ratio of total associations (%) | ||
Submerged macrophytes association | 7 | 70 | 6 | 31.58 | |
Floating macrophytes association | 0 | 0 | 3 | 15.79 | |
Floating-leaved macrophytes association | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5.26 | |
Emergent macrophytes association | 3 | 30 | 3 | 15.79 | |
Hygrophytes association | 0 | 0 | 6 | 31.58 | |
Total | 10 | 100 | 19 | 100 |
Table 3 Variation of acstival aquatic plant associations in mid-lower Hanjiang River
Vegetation type | Year | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2002 | 2013-2014 | ||||
Number of associations | Ratio of total associations (%) | Number of associations | Ratio of total associations (%) | ||
Submerged macrophytes association | 7 | 70 | 6 | 31.58 | |
Floating macrophytes association | 0 | 0 | 3 | 15.79 | |
Floating-leaved macrophytes association | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5.26 | |
Emergent macrophytes association | 3 | 30 | 3 | 15.79 | |
Hygrophytes association | 0 | 0 | 6 | 31.58 | |
Total | 10 | 100 | 19 | 100 |
Site | Year | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 2013-2014 | ||||||||
Species | Relative frequency (%) | Relative biomass (%) | Dominance value (%) | Species | Relative frequency (%) | Relative biomass (%) | Dominance value (%) | ||
Danjiangkou | Myriophyllum spicatum | 13.33 | 59.05 | 36.19 | Potamogeton perfoliatus | 14.82 | 32.04 | 23.43 | |
P. perfoliatus | 17.78 | 10.95 | 14.36 | P. maackianus | 12.34 | 28.04 | 20.19 | ||
P. maackianus | 11.11 | 16.67 | 13.89 | P. malaianus | 18.04 | 13.13 | 15.59 | ||
Laohekou | P. pectinatus | 6.82 | 59.45 | 33.13 | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
P. perfoliatus | 18.18 | 9.97 | 14.07 | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ||
P. malaianus | 11.36 | 15.95 | 13.66 | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ||
Gucheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. malaianus | 31.71 | 22.09 | 26.9 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. perfoliatus | 22.79 | 15.48 | 19.14 | ||
Xiangyang | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Vallisneria natans | 19.15 | 11.58 | 15.37 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Hydrocharis verticillata | 14.18 | 7.67 | 10.93 | ||
Yicheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | H. verticillata | 20.65 | 29.06 | 24.86 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. pectinatus | 13.54 | 11.96 | 12.75 | ||
Zhongxiang | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Scirpus triangu- latus | 26.77 | 19.21 | 22.99 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Alternanthera philoxeroides | 23.64 | 18.16 | 20.9 | ||
Shayang | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | S. polyrrhiza | 32.35 | 19.52 | 25.94 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | A. philoxeroides | 14.28 | 25.35 | 19.82 | ||
Qianjiang | Typha angustifolia | 14.3 | 77.81 | 46.06 | S. triangulates | 25.61 | 13.89 | 19.75 | |
M. spicatum | 42.85 | 17.26 | 30.05 | P. australis | 11.04 | 21.05 | 16.05 | ||
P. malaianus | 42.85 | 1.93 | 23.89 | T. arioriparia | 9.44 | 14.23 | 11.84 | ||
Tianmen | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. paspaloides | 29.11 | 26.25 | 27.68 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. australis | 10.13 | 30.31 | 20.22 | ||
Xiantao | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. australis | 22.61 | 33.33 | 27.97 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | T. arioriparia | 21.28 | 24.64 | 22.96 | ||
Caidian | Ceratophyllum mdemersum | 28.57 | 80.64 | 54.61 | Eremochloa ophiuroides | 47.36 | 28.26 | 37.81 | |
A. philoxeroides | 57.14 | 7.53 | 32.33 | A. philoxeroides | 21.74 | 23.54 | 22.64 |
Table 4 The quantitative features of typical community in mid-lower Hanjiang River in different periods
Site | Year | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 2013-2014 | ||||||||
Species | Relative frequency (%) | Relative biomass (%) | Dominance value (%) | Species | Relative frequency (%) | Relative biomass (%) | Dominance value (%) | ||
Danjiangkou | Myriophyllum spicatum | 13.33 | 59.05 | 36.19 | Potamogeton perfoliatus | 14.82 | 32.04 | 23.43 | |
P. perfoliatus | 17.78 | 10.95 | 14.36 | P. maackianus | 12.34 | 28.04 | 20.19 | ||
P. maackianus | 11.11 | 16.67 | 13.89 | P. malaianus | 18.04 | 13.13 | 15.59 | ||
Laohekou | P. pectinatus | 6.82 | 59.45 | 33.13 | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | |
P. perfoliatus | 18.18 | 9.97 | 14.07 | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ||
P. malaianus | 11.36 | 15.95 | 13.66 | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | ||
Gucheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. malaianus | 31.71 | 22.09 | 26.9 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. perfoliatus | 22.79 | 15.48 | 19.14 | ||
Xiangyang | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Vallisneria natans | 19.15 | 11.58 | 15.37 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Hydrocharis verticillata | 14.18 | 7.67 | 10.93 | ||
Yicheng | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | H. verticillata | 20.65 | 29.06 | 24.86 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. pectinatus | 13.54 | 11.96 | 12.75 | ||
Zhongxiang | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Scirpus triangu- latus | 26.77 | 19.21 | 22.99 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | Alternanthera philoxeroides | 23.64 | 18.16 | 20.9 | ||
Shayang | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | S. polyrrhiza | 32.35 | 19.52 | 25.94 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | A. philoxeroides | 14.28 | 25.35 | 19.82 | ||
Qianjiang | Typha angustifolia | 14.3 | 77.81 | 46.06 | S. triangulates | 25.61 | 13.89 | 19.75 | |
M. spicatum | 42.85 | 17.26 | 30.05 | P. australis | 11.04 | 21.05 | 16.05 | ||
P. malaianus | 42.85 | 1.93 | 23.89 | T. arioriparia | 9.44 | 14.23 | 11.84 | ||
Tianmen | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. paspaloides | 29.11 | 26.25 | 27.68 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. australis | 10.13 | 30.31 | 20.22 | ||
Xiantao | ─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | P. australis | 22.61 | 33.33 | 27.97 | |
─ | ─ | ─ | ─ | T. arioriparia | 21.28 | 24.64 | 22.96 | ||
Caidian | Ceratophyllum mdemersum | 28.57 | 80.64 | 54.61 | Eremochloa ophiuroides | 47.36 | 28.26 | 37.81 | |
A. philoxeroides | 57.14 | 7.53 | 32.33 | A. philoxeroides | 21.74 | 23.54 | 22.64 |
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