Composition of Flavonoids in Lotus Pollen

doi:10.11983/CBB14194

Abstract

Abstract: We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (I-Class UPLC/Xevo TQ MS) to separate and identify the flavonoids in lotus pollens from 50 cultivars. Lotus pollen contains 13 flavonols and 2 flavones, all reported in lotus pollen for the first time. The most abundant flavonoids were quercetin glucosides, namely quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, quercetin 3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-glucopyranoside and quercetin 3-O-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)- galactopyranoside, detected in all cultivar pollen. The total flavonoid (TF) content ranged from 82.64 to 281.08 mg∙100 g^-1 in 50 cultivars, with Fei-Yun-Qian-Ye showing the highest TF and Xian-Nv-San-Hua the lowest. According to cluster analysis, 50 lotus cultivars were classified into four groups; group B contained more flavonoids than other groups, and group B TF content was the highest. TF content in Fei-Yun-Qian-Ye, Bo-Li-Xiao-Jie and Shu-Hong-Lian exceeded 200 mg∙100 g^-1 dry weight and could be developed into lotus pollen products.

Qian Wu, Shuai Shao, Shanshan Li, Huijin Zhang, Liangsheng Wang. Composition of Flavonoids in Lotus Pollen[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2015, 50(6): 721-732.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB14194

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2015/V50/I6/721

Figures/Tables 5

References 46

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Peak No.	Rt (min)	UV λmax (nm)	ESI-NI (m/z)	ESI-PI (m/z)	Identification	References
1	2.04	248, 354	493[M-H]^-, 317[A-H]^-	495[M+H]⁺, 319[A+H]⁺	Myricetin 3-O-glucuronide	Chen et al., 2012a
2	2.18	248, 352	479[M-H]^--, 316[A-2H]^-	481[M+H]⁺, 319[A+H]⁺	Myricetin 3-O-glucoside	Deng et al., 2013
3	2.23	248, 348	595[M-H]^-, 300[A-2H]^-	597[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-arabino- pyranosyl-(1→2)-galacto- pyranoside	Chen et al., 2012a
4	2.37	248, 348	298[A-2H]^-	301[A+H]⁺	Diosmetin derivative
5	2.44	248, 348	477[M-H]^-, 314[A-2H]^-	479[M+H]⁺, 317[A+H]⁺	Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside	Li et al., 2014
6	2.50	248, 348	607[M-H-CH₃]^-, 299[A-H]^-	463[M+H-146]⁺, 301[A+H]⁺	Diosmetin 7-O-rhamnopy- ranosyl-(1→6)-glucopy- ranoside	Li et al., 2014
7	2.63	248, 354	477[M-H]^-, 301[A-H]^-	479[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide	Deng et al., 2009
8	2.74	248, 354	463[M-H]^-, 300[A-2H]^-	487[M+Na]⁺, 465[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-galactoside	Deng et al., 2009
9	2.80	248, 354	609[M-H]^-, 301[A-H]^-	611[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-rhamnopy- ranosyl-(1→2)-glucopy- ranoside	Li et al., 2014
10	3.13	248, 347	447[M-H]^-, 284[A-2H]^-	449[M+H]⁺, 287[A+H]⁺	Kaempferol 3-O-galactoside	Jung et al., 2003
11	3.27	248, 348	461[M-H]^-, 285[A-H]^-	463[M+H]⁺, 287[A+H]⁺	Kaempferol 3-O-glucuronide	Chen et al., 2012a
12	3.37	248, 348	447[M-H]^-, 284[A-2H]^-	471[M+Na]⁺, 287[A+H]⁺	Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside	Yang et al., 2009
13	3.49	248, 353	623[M-H]^-, 477[M-H-146]^-, 315[A-H]^-	625[M+H]⁺, 479[M+H-146]⁺, 317[A+H]⁺	Isorhamnetin 3-O-rhamnopy- ranosyl-(1→6)-glucopy- ranoside	Chen et al., 2012a
14	3.63	248, 354	477[M-H]^-, 314[A-2H]^-	479[M+H]⁺, 317[A+H]⁺	Isorhamnetin 3-O-hexose	Lim et al., 2006
15	3.71	248, 358	507[M-H]^-, 344[A-2H]^-	509[M+H]⁺, 347[A+H]⁺	Syringetin 3-O-glucoside	Guo et al., 2009

Peak No.	Rt (min)	UV λmax (nm)	ESI-NI (m/z)	ESI-PI (m/z)	Identification	References
1	2.04	248, 354	493[M-H]^-, 317[A-H]^-	495[M+H]⁺, 319[A+H]⁺	Myricetin 3-O-glucuronide	Chen et al., 2012a
2	2.18	248, 352	479[M-H]^--, 316[A-2H]^-	481[M+H]⁺, 319[A+H]⁺	Myricetin 3-O-glucoside	Deng et al., 2013
3	2.23	248, 348	595[M-H]^-, 300[A-2H]^-	597[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-arabino- pyranosyl-(1→2)-galacto- pyranoside	Chen et al., 2012a
4	2.37	248, 348	298[A-2H]^-	301[A+H]⁺	Diosmetin derivative
5	2.44	248, 348	477[M-H]^-, 314[A-2H]^-	479[M+H]⁺, 317[A+H]⁺	Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside	Li et al., 2014
6	2.50	248, 348	607[M-H-CH₃]^-, 299[A-H]^-	463[M+H-146]⁺, 301[A+H]⁺	Diosmetin 7-O-rhamnopy- ranosyl-(1→6)-glucopy- ranoside	Li et al., 2014
7	2.63	248, 354	477[M-H]^-, 301[A-H]^-	479[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide	Deng et al., 2009
8	2.74	248, 354	463[M-H]^-, 300[A-2H]^-	487[M+Na]⁺, 465[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-galactoside	Deng et al., 2009
9	2.80	248, 354	609[M-H]^-, 301[A-H]^-	611[M+H]⁺, 303[A+H]⁺	Quercetin 3-O-rhamnopy- ranosyl-(1→2)-glucopy- ranoside	Li et al., 2014
10	3.13	248, 347	447[M-H]^-, 284[A-2H]^-	449[M+H]⁺, 287[A+H]⁺	Kaempferol 3-O-galactoside	Jung et al., 2003
11	3.27	248, 348	461[M-H]^-, 285[A-H]^-	463[M+H]⁺, 287[A+H]⁺	Kaempferol 3-O-glucuronide	Chen et al., 2012a
12	3.37	248, 348	447[M-H]^-, 284[A-2H]^-	471[M+Na]⁺, 287[A+H]⁺	Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside	Yang et al., 2009
13	3.49	248, 353	623[M-H]^-, 477[M-H-146]^-, 315[A-H]^-	625[M+H]⁺, 479[M+H-146]⁺, 317[A+H]⁺	Isorhamnetin 3-O-rhamnopy- ranosyl-(1→6)-glucopy- ranoside	Chen et al., 2012a
14	3.63	248, 354	477[M-H]^-, 314[A-2H]^-	479[M+H]⁺, 317[A+H]⁺	Isorhamnetin 3-O-hexose	Lim et al., 2006
15	3.71	248, 358	507[M-H]^-, 344[A-2H]^-	509[M+H]⁺, 347[A+H]⁺	Syringetin 3-O-glucoside	Guo et al., 2009