细胞质雄性不育(CMS)是一种广泛存在于高等植物中的母性遗传性状。CMS是研究核质互作的理想材料, 也是植物杂种优势利用的重要基础。玉米(Zea mays)是杂种优势利用最成功的作物之一, 利用CMS进行玉米杂交种生产已成为杂种优势利用的有力工具。因此, 长期以来玉米CMS都是研究热点。该文综述了玉米3种主要CMS类型不育基因与育性恢复的研究进展, 探讨了现阶段玉米CMS研究与不育化制种应用有待解决的问题, 以期为深入研究植物CMS的分子机制以及玉米CMS系统在杂种优势利用中的应用提供参考。

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternal genetic trait widely found in higher plants．CMS is not only a favorable material for studying the interaction between cytoplasmic and nuclear genomes, but also an important basis for the utilization of plant heterosis. Maize is one of the most successful example for the utilization of heterosis in crops, and CMS has become a powerful tool for hybrid production to utilize heterosis in maize. Therefore, the molecular mechanism of CMS in maize has always been a research hotspot. In this paper, CMS related genes and fertility restorer genes discovered in the three major types of CMS in maize were summarized, and the problems that needed to be solved in CMS-related research and development prospects in the application of CMS in maize were discussed. This review provided theoretical reference for better understanding of the molecular mechanism of CMS in plant and the application of CMS system for hybrid seed production in the utilization of heterosis in maize.