粳稻穗角小的品种产量高而品质差。谷粒性状与产量和品质都有关联。为培育产量与品质相协调的品种提供相关遗传信息, 测定了粳稻直立穗品种丙8979和弯曲穗品种C堡及其重组自交系349个株系的穗角和7个谷粒性状, 分析了穗角与谷粒性状之间的相关性, 并运用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型, 对7个谷粒性状进行了遗传分析。结果表明, 穗角与粒厚、长厚比和宽厚比均无显著相关, 而与千粒重、粒长、粒宽和长宽比均呈极显著正相关。7个谷粒性状均受2对主基因+多基因控制, 2对主基因的作用方式因性状而异。千粒重、粒长、长厚比和宽厚比4个性状以主基因遗传为主; 粒宽、粒厚和长宽比3个性状以多基因遗传为主。

Cultivars of japonica rice (Oryza sativa) with small panicle angle have high yield and poor quality. Grain traits are associated with both yield and quality. To offer useful information for breeding cultivars with both high yield and good quality, we investigated the correlation between panicle angle and seven grain traits of Bing 8979 (erect panicle; P1), C Bao (curved panicle;
P2) and 349 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross P1×P2. Coefficients of linear correlation between panicle angle and the seven grain traits were calculated, and genetic patterns were analyzed by mixed major-gene plus polygene inheritance models. No significant linear correlation was found between panicle angle (PA) and grain thickness (GT), PA and grain length/GT (GL/GT), and PA and grain width/GT (GW/GT). A significant linear correlation was found between PA and 1 000-grain weight (1000GW), PA and
GL, PA and GW, and PA and GL/GW (P < 0.01). Genetic analysis revealed that the seven grain traits were controlled by two major genes plus polygenes. Interactions of the two major genes varied with the traits. The traits 1000GW, GL, GL/GT and GW/GT were mainly controlled by the two major genes, and GW, GT and GL/GW were mainly governed by polygenes.