库尔勒香梨作为新疆特色果树，其遗传转化具有周期长，效率低、费时费力等问题，严重制约了利用基因工程进行品种改良。本研究通过农杆菌介导的库尔勒香梨树芽非组培转化法，优化了受体芽时期、侵染液类型、农杆菌浓度、树芽类型等条件，实现了在库尔勒香梨果树上基因转化。结果表明，试验最适受体芽时期为3月30日、最适侵染液类型为10 mmol.L–1 MES、最佳农杆菌浓度为OD600 = 0.8、最佳受体芽类型为侧芽；此外，研究聚焦于参与ABA信号通路并影响越冬抗寒的PsHB12基因，成功获得了该基因的过表达转化芽，其转化效率达到25.27%，且转化芽中PsHB12的表达水平显著高于野生型。该研究为库尔勒香梨的基因工程育种体系提供了有效方法，为后续开展抗寒功能验证及分子育种奠定了基础。

INTRODUCTION: Korla fragrant pear, a characteristic fruit tree of Xinjiang, faces significant challenges in genetic transformation, including protracted cycles, low efficiency, and labor-intensive procedures, which severely hinder its varietal improvement through genetic engineering. RATIONALE: In this study, we optimized the key parameters for an Agrobacterium-mediated non-tissue culture transformation system using buds of Korla fragrant pear trees. Factors such as bud developmental stage, infection solution composition, Agrobacterium concentration, and bud type were systematically evaluated. Through these optimizations, successful genetic transformation of Korla fragrant pear was achieved. RESULTS：The results indicated that the optimal conditions for the experimental genetic transformation included: a receptor bud stage of March 30, an infiltration solution of 10 mmol.L–1 MES, an Agrobacterium concentration of OD600= 0.8, and the use of lateral buds as the preferred explant type. In addition, this study targeted the PsHB12 gene, which is involved in ABA signaling and associated with overwintering cold tolerance. Overexpressed transgenic buds of PsHB12 were successfully obtained with a transformation efficiency of 25.27%, and quantitative analysis confirmed significantly higher PsHB12 transcript levels in transgenic buds compared to wild-type controls. CONCLUSION: This research provides an efficient genetic transformation approach for Korla fragrant pear and establishes a critical technical foundation for future functional characterization of cold-resistance genes and molecular breeding efforts.