无核葡萄是鲜食葡萄产业发展的重要方向, 深受消费者青睐。随着市场需求的日益增长, 无核葡萄育种已成为全球葡萄研究的核心领域之一。本文系统综述无核葡萄育种的实践意义、无核性状遗传规律、种子败育的生理生化与分子机理, 以及主要育种方法(包括传统杂交育种、胚挽救育种、多倍体育种、芽变育种、生物技术辅助育种等)所取得的进展, 同时分析了当前面临的挑战, 并对未来发展趋势进行展望, 以期为相关研究提供参考。

Seedless grapes represent a key focus for the development of the table grape industry and are highly favored by consumers. With continuously growing market demand, breeding seedless grape varieties has become one of the core areas of global grape viticulture research. This paper systematically reviews the practical significance of seedless grape breeding, the genetic patterns of seedlessness, the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of seed abortion, and the progress achieved through major breeding methods, including traditional hybrid breeding, embryo rescue breeding, polyploid breeding, bud mutation breeding, biotechnology-assisted breeding, It also analyzes current challenges and provides prospects for future development trends, in order to provide references for related research.