植物细胞壁由纤维素、半纤维素、果胶和木质素等成分构成, 是一个动态变化的网络结构, 不仅在植物抵御外界压力和适应环境变化过程中起着关键防线作用, 还在信号传递过程中起着信息枢纽作用。当细胞壁受损后, 细胞会感知细胞壁变化并做出早期免疫响应, 如激素变化、壁成分与修饰改变和抗病次生代谢产物的生成等。尽管细胞壁在植物免疫中的重要性已得到广泛认可, 但细胞壁损伤引发免疫反应的具体分子机制仍然知之甚少。原位非标记成像技术在植物细胞中的应用逐渐增多, 成为研究细胞壁结构与功能的重要手段。本文介绍了植物细胞壁与免疫反应之间的相互作用机制, 为深入理解植物生命活动和提高作物病害抵抗能力提供科学依据, 并对细胞壁原位非标记成像技术进行阐述, 为推进细胞壁在免疫反应中的研究提供更多的技术选择。

The plant cell wall, composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin, is a dynamically changing network structure, which not only plays the role of a key line of defence in the process of plant resistance to external pressure and adaptation to environmental changes, but also plays the role of an information hub in the process of signal transmission. When the cell wall is damaged, cells sense cell wall changes and make early immune responses, such as hormonal changes, alterations in wall composition and modifications, and the production of disease-resistant secondary metabolites. Although the importance of the cell wall in plant immunity is widely recognised, the specific molecular mechanisms by which cell wall damage triggers immune responses remain poorly understood. The application of in situ unlabelled imaging techniques in plant cells is gradually increasing and has become an important tool for studying cell wall structure and function. This paper describes the interaction mechanism between plant cell wall and immune response to provide a scientific basis for a deeper understanding of plant life activities and improve crop disease resistance, and describes in situ non-labelled imaging of the cell wall to provide more technological options for advancing the study of the cell wall in immune response.