特邀综述
高温对玉米生长的影响及中国耐高温玉米筛选研究进展
- 青岛农业大学, 青岛 266109
*李玉斌, 青岛农业大学农学院教授, 博士生导师。入选中国农业科学院“青年英才计划”A类引进人才。其研究团队在Proc Natl Acad Sci USA、Plant Cell、Plant Physiol和Genetics等主流期刊上发表研究论文30篇。以玉米为研究对象, 针对全球气候变暖导致的夏季高温玉米主产区生产的极度危害, 通过遗传学、基因组学与生物育种学多途径解析玉米耐高温的遗传机理及重要农艺表现, 利用生物育种技术创制玉米耐热新种质, 为培育耐高温玉米提供重要的种质储备和基础遗传材料。E-mail: yubinli@qau.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2024-07-15
录用日期: 2024-10-30
网络出版日期: 2024-10-31
基金资助
青岛农业大学人才引进专项资金(663/1121029);青岛农业大学高层次人才启动经费(665/1120002)
Research Progress on Heat Stress Impact on Maize Growth and Heat-Tolerant Maize Screening in China
- Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China
Received date: 2024-07-15
Accepted date: 2024-10-30
Online published: 2024-10-31
摘要
气候变化导致的全球平均气温上升严重威胁粮食安全生产, 其中作为全球三大主粮作物之一的玉米(Zea mays)所受影响极为显著。高温在玉米生长发育的多个阶段均产生重要影响, 生殖生长阶段的高温对玉米尤为不利, 能显著降低其产量。该文系统综述了高温对玉米生长的影响, 包括萌发期、苗期、营养生长中后期、开花期和灌浆期, 详尽梳理了玉米响应高温胁迫的主要分子机制(包括热激响应和未折叠蛋白反应等), 总结了我国在耐高温玉米选育方面的最新进展, 通过人工模拟高温处理和田间自然高温筛选, 鉴定出一批耐高温的杂交种和自交系。同时, 在展望未来重要研究策略中, 提出利用表型组学、全基因组关联分析和全基因组选择育种等新技术手段, 结合智能化农业管理措施, 培育高耐热性玉米品种, 以应对气候变化带来的高温挑战, 保障全球粮食安全。
本文引用格式
闫恒宇 , 李朝霞 , 李玉斌 . 高温对玉米生长的影响及中国耐高温玉米筛选研究进展[J]. 植物学报, 2024 , 59(6) : 1007 -1023 . DOI: 10.11983/CBB24104
Abstract
Climate change-induced global average temperature rise poses a severe threat to food production, in which maize, one of the three major global staple crops, is particularly susceptible to high temperatures. High temperatures significantly impact maize at various stages of its growth and development, especially during the reproductive growth stage, which can drastically reduce maize yields. Here we summarize the effects of high temperatures on maize at different growth stages, including germination, seedling, late vegetative growth, flowering, and grain-filling stages. We also review the main molecular mechanisms by which maize responds to heat stress, including heat shock and unfolded protein responses. Furthermore, we summarize the latest advances in heat-tolerant maize breeding in China. A batch of heat-tolerant hybrids and inbred lines have been identified through artificial high-temperature treatments and open field trials under natural high-temperature. In addition, we proposed important future research strategies in developing heat-tolerance maize, including new technological methods such as phenomics, genome-wide association studies, and genomic selection-based breeding, combined with intelligent agricultural management measures. We aim to cultivate maize varieties with high heat tolerance to cope with the high-temperature challenges brought about by climate change, thereby ensuring global food security.
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