Abstract: The synthesis pathway and affecting factors of aroma compounds in some fruits including apple, strawberry, banana and tomato, were reviewed in this paper. The main aroma compounds covered esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, terpenes and volatile phenols. They are synthesized from fatty acids, amino acids and secondary metabolism and affected by variety, mature degree, ethylene, environmental and agronomic factors such as light, stocks, bagging, irrigation, and postharvest conditions.