Abstract: Sweet sorghum, which can grow and develop normally in non-cultivated soil due to higher tolerance to drought, salinity and nutritional deficiency, is one of the most important energy crops. Mature seeds and embryos of two sweet sorghum cultivars(Sorghum bicolor cv. Cow ley, M81-E) were used as explants, and regeneration systems of sweet sorghum plants were successfully established via callus pathway. The results showed that Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.38 g.L-1 proline, 500 mg.L-1 hydrolyzed casein and 3.0 mg.L-1 2,4-D was a better medium for induction and growth of callus from mature seeds, and that containing 1.38 g.L-1 proline, 500 mg.L-1 hydrolyzed casein, 2.5 mg.L-1 2,4-D and 0.1 mg.L-1 KT was a better medium for mature embryos. The shoots were induced on MS medium containing 1 mg.L-1 IAA + 0.5 mg.L-1 6-BA via callus. The roots were induced and whole plants were produced after shoots were transferred to MS medium containing 3 mg.L-1 IBA.