植物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (6): 751-760.DOI: 10.11983/CBB21061

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京津冀地区气传花粉数据分析

赵德鶄宇1,3, 叶彩华2, 王宇飞1,3, 姚轶锋1,3,*()   

  1. 1中国科学院植物研究所, 系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
    2北京市气象服务中心, 北京 100089
    3中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-14 接受日期:2021-08-27 出版日期:2021-11-01 发布日期:2021-11-12
  • 通讯作者: 姚轶锋
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: yaoyf@ibcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0803803);中国科学院项目(KGFZD-135-19-10)

Analysis on the Data of Airborne Pollen in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Dejingyu Zhao1,3, Caihua Ye2, Yufei Wang1,3, Yifeng Yao1,3,*()   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
    2Beijing Meteorological Service, Beijing 100089, China
    3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2021-04-14 Accepted:2021-08-27 Online:2021-11-01 Published:2021-11-12
  • Contact: Yifeng Yao

摘要: 花粉作为城市大气污染物成分之一, 严重影响人类的居住环境和生命健康, 是政府部门和科学界共同关注的热点问题。为此, 该文基于近60年来已发表的京津冀地区气传花粉数据, 总结了该地区主要气传花粉种类及其季节性分布特征, 表明气传花粉浓度的年际变化基本遵循双峰型规律, 即春季高峰以柏科、杨柳科和桦木科等乔木植物花粉为主, 夏秋季高峰以蒿属、葎草属/大麻(Cannabis sativa)以及藜科/苋科等草本植物花粉占优势; 探讨了影响气传花粉浓度的主导气象因子、花粉症发病特点等应当注意的问题; 指出土地改造和行道树种植等人类活动可能对北京地区的气传花粉组成变化产生影响。最后, 文中强调未来气传花粉的长期监测在大气环境评估、花粉过敏防治和城市绿化建设等方面具有重要作用。

关键词: 京津冀地区, 气传花粉, 环境评估, 花粉过敏症, 人居环境

Abstract: As one of the components of urban air pollutants, pollen seriously affects our living environment and health, which is highly concerned by government and scientific community. Here, based on the airborne pollen data of past 60 years in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, we summarize the major pollen types and their seasonal distribution characteristics in this region, and the data shows that the annual variation of airborne pollen concentration basically follows the ‘bimodal' pattern, viz. arboreal pollen such as Cupressaceae, Salicaceae and Betulaceae dominate the peak in spring, while herbaceous pollen like Artemisia, Humulus/Cannabis sativa, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae dominate the peak in summer and autumn. Then we discuss the dominant meteorological factors related to pollen concentration and the characteristics of pollinosis. Furthermore, we point out that human activities (e.g., land reconstruction and roadside tree planting) may have an impact on the changes of airborne pollen composition in Beijing over these years. Finally, we emphasize the important role of future long-term airborne pollen monitoring in atmospheric environment assessment, pollinosis prevention, and urban greening construction.

Key words: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, airborne pollen, environmental assessment, pollinosis, living environment