关键词: 星蕨, 孢子萌发, 原叶体, 幼孢子体, 绿色球状小体

Abstract: In order to strengthen the protection and development of wild ferns, optimize the methods and conditions of spore germination of Microsorum punctatum. The influences of different factors on prothallus proliferation, sporophyte induction, GGBs induction and its germination into young sporophyte were compared and analyzed. The technology system of artificial, efficient and rapid breeding was established. Mature spores were germinated under sterile conditions with MS, 1/2 MS, 1/3 MS and 1/4 MS as basic media. L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal test was carried out to study the effects of the concentration of inorganic salts, plant growth regulators and their mass concentration on the genesis and proliferation of prothallus. When the number of prothallus increased to a certain extent, MS, 1/2 MS, 1/3 MS and 1/4 MS were used as the basic medium to select the most suitable medium for sporophyte induction. At the same time, GGBs was induced to develop into a new young sporophyte by using the young sporophyte as the material and transplanting. The optimum spore germination medium was 1/2 MS, and the prothallus prolifed in MS+0.3 mg·L^–1 6-BA + 1.5 mg·L^–1 NAA, and the coefficient of increment was about 9.6 after 60 days. The prothallus was cut into 1/4 MS medium and cultured with sterile water for 90 days. The coefficient of young sporogenesis was about 10.0. Green globular GGBs was induced by young sporozoa in 1/2 MS+ 1.5 mg·L^–1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L^–1 NAA, the induction rate was 93.3%, and the proliferation coefficient of GGBs in this medium reached 32.0. The palntlets differentiation rate of GGBs was higher on 1/2 MS medium, and the maximum seedling formation rate was about 92%. After transplanting, the survival rate of test tube palntlets was more than 90%. Two systems of prothalle-fertilization-sporophyte and neosporophyte GGBs-sporophyte were established, especially the generation of GGBs, which greatly shortened the regeneration cycle of plants, so as to establish a complete artificial rapid propagation technology system of Starfern. The research results can provide technical support for the protection of wild resources and the breeding of high-quality ferns, and can also provide reference for the artificial breeding of other ferns.

Key words: Microsorum punctatum, spore germination, prothallus, juvenile sporophyte, green globular bodies