The stomata is a micropore distributed in the epidermis of plants and used for gas exchange and water loss between plants and the atmosphere. After decades of research on stomatal development, many important regulators for stomatal development have been discovered. Monocot and dicot plants differ greatly in stomatal complex structure, origination and distribution. In this review, we summarize the molecular regulators, cell polarity, environment factors and plant hormones related with stomatal development; the research progress in stomatal development in Zea mays, Brachypodium distachyum and Oryza sativa; and outlooks for the future research.