We tested the antifungal activities of 7 free-form tea aroma components (cis-3-hexenol, linalool oxides, linalool, methyl salicylate, geraniol, benzyl alcohol and phenylethanol) and glycosidical aroma precursors against Gloeosporium theae-sinensis Miyak, Colletotrichum camelliae Masse, Pestalotiopsis theae Sawada and Phyllosticta theicola Petch. We also investigated the differential gene expression of tea endogenous β-primeverosidase, β-xylosidase, β-glucosidase I, β-glucosidase II and β-glucosyltransferase induced by pathogenic fungi infection. The 7 free-form aroma components and glycosidical aroma precursors conferred antifungal activities against 4 pathogenic fungi. Geraniol showed the strongest activity, and its inhibition rate to G. theae-sinensis Miyak was 100% at 0.1 mg·mL^–1. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that pathogenic fungi infection promoted the expression of endogenous glycosidases and β-glucosyltransferase differently and that promotion usually occurred with slight infection.