Abstract: Cross-breeding experiments were carried out between 6 Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and 5 botanical Tulipa species from Xinjiang. The mean, maximum and minimum rates of fecundation were (84.8±3.5)%, 100.0% and (53.3±4.5)%, respectively. T. gesneriana ‘Kees Nelis’had the highest mean rate of fecundation (94.0±2.3)% and T. gesneriana ‘Monte Carlo’ the lowest (71.0±3.8)%. The highest rate of fruit bearing within 30 days after crossing was 100.0% and the mean rate was (75.2±4.1)% but decreased to (90.0±3.6)% and (47.0±3.4)%, respectively after 60 days. The mean rate of seed setting among the combinations was 24.3%. Both the effect of the 5 male parents and the difference among the 5 male parents on the cross characteristics were not significant, whereas the 6 female parents and the combinations of parents had significant effects on the cross characteristics. The favorable combinations were T. gesneriana ‘Negrita’×T. iliensis Regel, T. gesneriana ‘Negrita’×T. buheseana Boiss, and T. gesneriana ‘Negrita’×T. tianschanica Regel, with rates of seed setting being 78.2%, 68.4% and 57.5%, respectively.