Abstract: A study was reported about the chemical components of the volatilizing odor from withered black poplar leaves. The odor was extracted by steam distillation and gas adsorption and further identified by gas chromatography_mass spectrometry. By steam distillation, nineteen peaks were obtained from the extracted odor, in which sixteen components were identified, and the major, (Z)_3_Hexen_1_ol, is in the no.4 peak, with a relative content of 28.71%; the following is 2 _hydroxy_benzaldehyde in the no.14 peak, with a relative content of 10.35%. Seventeen components were identified from the twenty peaks extracted by gas adsorption, and the relative proportions of the content in no.6,7,8 peaks are 20.78%、29.12% and 29.22% respectively. There are 9 components in common from the two extractants, with the similarity ratio of 46.15%.