Abstract: Seed development, which involves in multiple genes and their interactions, is a central part of the reproductive process in angiosperms. Recent studies have highlighted the differential expression between male and female genomes, the mechanism of epigenetic processes and the regulation network of development. Studies on genes related to embryo and endosperm development are leading us to an extensive understanding of the mechanisms of seed development and apomixis at the molecular level, which will benefits the research for yield and quality improvement of plant seeds via genetic engineering.