石松类和蕨类植物是以孢子繁殖的维管植物, 在陆地植物演化上占据重要地位。随着分子系统学研究的开展, 各大类群间的系统发育关系得以阐明, 传统上的概念得以修正, 新的现代石松类和蕨类植物的分类系统也被提出, 并不断得到完善。该文介绍国内外在蕨类植物系统发育方面的研究成果, 重点讨论中国分布的类群的分类处理。文中提出了一个完整的中国现代石松类和蕨类植物的分类系统, 包括5亚纲、14目、39科及12亚科、约140余属。

Lycophytes and ferns are spore-bearing vascular plants, and are important groups in the evolution history of land plants. With the progress of molecular systematic, the relationships of the major groups have been resolved, and the traditional concepts have been revised. Meanwhile, new systematic arrangements have been proposed and are continuously being revised and updated. In the present review, the most recent phylogenetic studies were discussed and a new classification system of the extant lycophytes and ferns from China was also proposed. The system comprises five subclasses, 14 orders, 39 families with 12 subfamilies, and about 140 genera of lycophytes and ferns distributed in China.