为了判断芸芥(Eruca sativa)自交亲和性的变异情况, 采用套袋自交、剥蕾自交和开放授粉3种方法, 对来源于中国、伊朗和巴基斯坦的52份芸芥的自交亲和指数及相对亲和指数进行了统计分析。结果表明: (1) 芸芥为高度自交不亲和植物, 其不同品种(系)中存在自交亲和基因; (2) 芸芥不同品种间自交亲和性存在广泛的变异, 品种间自交亲和指数介于0-4.98之间, 品种内不同个体间自交亲和性也存在广泛的变异; (3) 参试材料分为4种类型, 即高自交亲和、自交亲和、自交不亲和(0<自交亲和指数<1.00)及高自交不亲和; (4) 芸芥自交亲和性因生态类型而异, 西南地区的材料自交亲和性最高, 西北地区次之, 华北地区最低。总之, 芸芥为一种高度自交不亲和植物, 其自交亲和性状存在广泛的变异, 共有4种变异类型。

To evaluate the genetic variation in self-compatibility in different cultivars of Eruca sativa (“rocket salad”), we used three methods of pollination bagging-self-pollination, bud-pollination and open-pollination―in field conditions and calculated the self-compatibility index and relative compatibility index of 52 cultivars of E. sativa from China, Iran and Pakistan. Results showed that (1) E. sativa is a highly self-incompatible plant, but several cultivars may have self-compatibility genes; (2) E. sativa cultivars show variation in self-compatibility; the mean compatibility index ranged from 0 to 4.98, with variation among individual plants; (3) E. sativa cultivars could be divided into 4 groups: highly self-compatible, self-compatible, self-incompatible and highly self-incompatible; and (4) the self-compatibility varied by geographical origin in the order of southwest>northwest>North China.