我们对以左山一山葡萄(Vitis amurensis cv. ‘Zuoshan1’)为母本、SO4为父本杂交的4个子代株系(A11、A14、A15和A17)及101-1为父本杂交的2个子代株系(B24和B26)的耐碱性盐能力进行评价, 旨在探明杂交砧木在碱性盐胁迫下的生理响应, 筛选出耐碱性盐的株系作为我国盐碱地栽培的候选砧木。实验以砧木1103P及Crimson为对照, 对组培苗炼苗后的盆栽苗进行100 mmol∙L^-1 NaHCO₃ (pH8.62)浇灌处理, 通过主成分分析和相关性分析等方法进行综合评价。结果表明, NaHCO₃胁迫降低了各植株的株高、叶片含水量、植株含水量和根系活力, 增加了叶片电导率、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖与游离脯氨酸含量。A17的株高增长量受影响最小; Crimson、A17和B24植株含水量降低较少; A14和A15的根系活力与对照差异不显著; 1103P、B24、A14、B26、Crimson和A15的相对电导率及B26、A17和A15叶片丙二醛含量与对照无显著差异; A15的叶片可溶性糖及游离脯氨酸含量增加最高。各株系耐碱能力D值分析表明, A14、A15和B24的耐碱性较强, Crimson、A11与A17的耐碱性中等, 1103P和B26的耐碱性较弱。

We evaluated alkaline salt tolerance in four hybrids of Vitis amurensis cv. ‘Zuoshan1’ × ‘SO4’ (A11, A14, A15, A17) and 2 hybrids of V. amurensis cv. ‘Zuoshan1’ × ‘101-1’ (B24, B26) to assess the physiological response of these hybrids and identify the strains with high alkaline salt tolerance as candidate rootstocks for saline-alkali land. Rootstock 1103P and V. vinifera cv. ‘Crimson Seedless’ were conducted as double controls. The potted grapevines were irrigated with 100 mmol∙L^-1 NaHCO₃ (pH8.62). Comprehensive assessment was based on principal component analysis and correlation analysis. The plant height, root activity, leaf and plant water content were reduced under NaHCO₃ treatment, whereas the electrical conductivity, MDA content, soluble sugar and free proline content were increased. The plant height of A17 was minimally affected. The plant water content was slightly reduced in Crimson, A17 and B24. The difference in root activity of A14 and A15 was not significant, compared with that of their own controls, and the difference in electric conductivity of 1103P, B24, A14, B26, Crimson and A15 was not significant, compared with that of their own controls. MDA content for B26, A17 and A15 did not differ from that of their own controls. Soluble sugar and free proline content of A15 increased the most after NaHCO₃ treatment. According to the D value, A14, A15, B24 had strong alkali resistance; Crimson, A11 and A17 had medium alkali resistance; and 1103P and B26 had weak resistance.