以培矮64S为对照, 采用田间调查和人工温度处理方法研究了温度对温敏核不育水稻(Oryza sativa)eui突变体(双低培eS)最上节间伸长的影响。结果表明, 双低培eS穗颈伸出度与抽穗前12–17天(花粉母细胞形成期至减数分裂期)的日均温度呈显著负相关。在温度敏感期分别进行人工温度处理, 在18–26°C条件下穗颈伸出度为正值且不包颈; 在28°C条件下出现包颈现象。在可育温度(20°C)和不育温度(24°C)条件下, 双低培eS最上节间中GA1、IAA和ZR含量极显著地高于培矮64S, 而ABA含量则显著低于培矮64S, 最上节间中最内层薄壁细胞数目分别比培矮64S多1 177和823个, 细胞平均长度分别比培矮64S长23.2和16.7 μm。温敏核不育水稻eui突变体最上节间伸长是由于节间最内层薄壁细胞数目增多和细胞长度增加双重作用所致, 其中以细胞伸长为主, 且随着处理温度的升高, 最上节间最内层薄壁细胞数目减少, 细胞平均长度变短。eui基因还可能通过调节激素间的平衡来控制温敏核不育水稻eui突变体最上节间的伸长生长。
We studied the effect of temperature on the uppermost internode elongation of thermosensitive-genic male sterility (TGMS) rice with the elongated uppermost internode (eui) gene. TGMS rice Shuangdi Pei eS, possessing the eui gene, was studied under the conditions of natural ecology and different artificial temperature, with Peiai 64S used as a control. We found a significant negative correlation between panicle exsertion and average diurnal temperature before heading days 12–17 (from pollen mother cell formation to meiosis). The panicle neck of Shuangdi Pei eS exserted from the flag leaf sheath under the condition of constant artificial treatment with 18°C–26°C and was enclosed in the leaf sheath at 28°C at the temperature-sensitive stage. Under pollen fertile temperature (20°C) and pollen sterility temperature (24°C), the contents of endogenous gibberellin A1, indole acetic acid and zeatin riboside of the uppermost internode were significantly higher in Shuangdi Pei eS than in Peiai 64S, whereas that of abscisic acid was lower in Shuangdi Pei eS than in Peiai 64S; the number of innermost parenchyma cells in the uppermost internode were 1 177 and 823 higher, respectively, in Shuangdi Pei eS than in Peiai 64S, and the length was 23.2 and 16.7 μm longer, respectively. The cell division and especially cell elongation of the innermost parenchyma cell induced the elongation of the uppermost internode in Shuangdi Pei eS. Also, the number of innermost parenchyma cells was reduced in the uppermost internode and the cell length was shortened with increasing temperature. The eui gene in rice might adjust the balance among endogenous hormones to control the uppermost internode elongation of the TGMS eui mutant.
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