选取林业入侵植物假苍耳(Iva xanthifolia)叶片匀浆体(LSI)和茎匀浆体(SSI)作为生物吸附材料, 考察了溶液pH值、吸附时间、Cu ²⁺浓度对吸附性能的影响, 确定了最佳吸附pH值为6.0-7.0, 吸附平衡时间为30分钟, 处理水体中的Cu ²⁺浓度应不超过800 mg.L^-1。采用Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型进行线性拟合, 推算出LSI和SSI的饱和吸附率分别为28.68 mg.g^-1和13.06 mg.g^-1。通过对吸附Cu2+前后的LSI和SSI进行傅立叶红外光谱和X射线衍射分析可知, 假苍耳参与Cu2+吸附的主要物质是纤维素类和糖类, 并且可能是由它们具有的-OH、-CONH2及-C=O等官能团提供结合位点。研究结果显示假苍耳有可能成为一种具有开发潜力的新型重金属生物吸附材料。

By selecting the leaf (LSI) and stem (SSI) homogeneous suspension of Iva xanthi folia, we investigated the use of the biomass of this plant as a biosorbent to remove Cu ²⁺ from aqueous solution by examining the effects of pH, adsorption time and concentration of Cu ²⁺ on adsorption efficiency. Optimal adsorption occurred with pH 6.0 to 7.0; The adsorption reached equilibrium in 30 min, and I. xanthifolia biomass can be used to treat Cu ²⁺ polluted water at concentrations < 800 mg·L^-1. By using Langmuir and Freundlich equations to model the adsorption processes, we deduced the saturation adsorption capacity of LSI and SSI for Cu ²⁺ as 28.68 and 13.06 mg·g^-1, respectively. FTIR spectra and XRD were used to analyze the functional groups in I. xanthi folia to determine what changed before and after the Cu ²⁺ adsorption effect on LSI and SSI. Cellulose and amylase are the primary adsorption materials of I. xanthifolia, and possibly the main adsorption functional groups were amido, hydroxy and carbonyl. I. xanthifolia could be a new type of heavy-metal adsorption material.