海藻糖-6-磷酸合酶(Trehalose-6-phasphate synthase, TPS)是合成海藻糖的关键酶, 已在多个物种中被报道参与调节光合作用、糖代谢、生长发育和逆境应对等多个生理过程。目前, TPS基因在大豆中的报道极少, 该研究在大豆全基因组中鉴定了20个大豆TPS基因及其包含的10种重要蛋白保守基序。启动子元件分子显示, TPS基因的启动子区富含大量胁迫响应元件, 盐胁迫处理后, 17个TPS基因的表达发生变化, 其中12个基因上调表达, 5个基因下调表达。对TPS进行单倍型和选择趋势分析发现, TPS8、TPS13、TPS15、TPS17和TPS18存在两种主要的等位变异, 其中携带TPS15^H2、TPS13^H2、TPS17^H2和TPS18^H2的品种在栽培品种中大量富集, 受到强烈人工选择。该研究揭示了大豆TPS基因家族的分子特征及在盐胁迫下的表达模式以及进化历史, 为进一步解析大豆TPS基因的功能和培育耐盐性大豆品种提供了理论依据和遗传材料。

Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of trehalose and has been reported to participate in regulating photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, growth and development, and stress responses in various species. Currently, reports on TPS genes in soybean are scarce. This study identified 20 soybean TPS genes and their associated 10 conserved protein motifs in the soybean genome. Molecular analysis of promoter elements showed that the TPS gene promoters are rich in stress-responsive elements. After salt stress treatment, the expression of 17 TPS genes changed, with 12 genes up-regulated and 5 genes down-regulated. Haplotype and selection analyses revealed two major allelic variations in TPS8, TPS13, TPS15, TPS17, and TPS18. Notably, variants carrying TPS15^H2、TPS13^H2、TPS17^H2 and TPS18^H2 were significantly enriched in improved cultivars that underwent strong artificial selection. This study reveals the molecular characteristics of the soybean TPS gene family, their expression patterns under salt stress, and their evolutionary history, providing theoretical basis and genetic material for further elucidating the functions of soybean TPS genes and breeding salt-tolerant soybean varieties.