工程纳米材料对高等植物生长影响的研究进展

doi:10.11983/CBB22130

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于纳米尺寸效应和卓越的物理化学性质, 工程纳米材料(ENMs)广泛应用于生产和生活的各个领域。在农业生产领域, ENMs对高等植物生物及生态效应的风险评估备受关注。为全面认识和了解ENMs对生态系统中高等植物的影响, 该文综述了农业中常用的几种ENMs (主要包括金属、金属氧化物和碳基纳米材料)对高等植物生长的影响及作用机制, 探讨了ENMs对植物生物学效应的主要影响因素, 包括植物种类和生长介质及ENMs粒径、形状、表面特性、浓度和处理时间。同时, 从真实土壤环境、长期低剂量效应和植物吸收转运等方面对ENMs与高等植物互作研究进行了展望, 以期为ENMs在农业生产上的高效利用提供参考依据。

关键词: 工程纳米材料, 高等植物, 促进作用, 生理毒性, 影响因素

Abstract: Due to their nanoscale effects and excellent physicochemical properties, engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) have been increasingly applied in various fields during the last decade. The biological effects of these ENMs on higher plants and the risk assessment of their ecological effects have become research hotspots. To comprehensively understand the effects of ENMs on higher plants in ecosystems, this paper reviews the effects of several ENMs (metal nanomaterials, metal oxide nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials) on the growth of higher plants and their mechanisms. These ENMs could inhibit plant growth by reducing the seed germination rate, inducing relative reactive oxygen production, enhancing cell membrane permeability and directly damaging roots and can also promote plant growth by enhancing photosynthesis, increasing root activity, strengthening water absorption and enhancing plant metabolic enzyme activity. The influencing factors of ENMs on plant biological effects were further analyzed, including plant species, nanomaterial size and shape, nanomaterial surface characteristics, nanomaterial concentration and treatment time, and plant growth medium. Finally, based on the real soil environment, long-term and low-dose effects, and plant absorption and transportation, we propose the future research associated with the interaction between ENMs and higher plants, aiming to provide a reference for the efficient use of ENMs in agricultural production.

Key words: engineering nanomaterials, higher plant, positive effects, phytotoxic effect, influence factor

陈娟妮, 朱云松, 宋锟, 丁伟. 工程纳米材料对高等植物生长影响的研究进展. 植物学报, 2023, 58(5): 813-830.

Chen Juanni, Zhu Yunsong, Song Kun, Ding Wei. Research Progress on the Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials on Higher Plant Growth. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(5): 813-830.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB22130

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2023/V58/I5/813

图/表 2

图1 工程纳米材料在农业中的潜在应用

Figure 1 Potential applications of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in agriculture

图2 工程纳米材料对植物的生物效应、影响因素及作用机制 ENMs: 工程纳米材料; MWCNTs: 多壁碳纳米管; SWCNTs: 单壁碳纳米管; ZnONPs: 氧化锌纳米粒子; GO: 氧化石墨烯; AgNPs: 银纳米粒子; Cu/CuONPs: 铜基纳米粒子; CeO2NPs: 二氧化铯纳米粒子; TiO2NPs: 二氧化钛纳米粒子; Fe3O4NPs: 氧化铁纳米粒子; Fe2O3NPs: 铁基纳米粒子

Figure 2 Biological effects, influencing factors and interaction mechanisms of engineered nanomaterials in plants ENMs: Engineered nanomaterials; MWCNTs: Multi-wall carbon nanotubes; SWCNTs: Single-wall carbon nanotubes; ZnONPs: Zinc oxide nanoparticles; GO: Graphene oxide; AgNPs: Ag nanoparticles; Cu/CuONPs: Copper-based nanoparticles; CeO2NPs: Cesium dioxide nanoparticles; TiO2NPs: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles; Fe3O4NPs: Iron oxide nanoparticles; Fe2O3NPs: Iron-based nanoparticles

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