Abstract: The vessel elements of secondary xylem in Syzygium samarangense were observed by biomicroscopy image analysis and micrography, with 3 types of vessel elements found: a tail on each side, a tail on one side, and no tail. Perforation plates could be divided into 4 types: both ends of the vessel element as multiple perforation plates with 2 simple perforations; one end as a simple perforation plate, the other a multiple perforation plate with 2 simple perforations; both ends of the vessel element as simple perforation plates; and 2 simple perforations in the opposite side wall of the same vessel. Some transitional types were found. The paper discusses the evolutionary relation of perforation plates in the vessel elements.