Figure 1. An in vitro phosphorylation assay of 3 putative substrate proteins by MPK6 in Arabidopsis thaliana MPK6 was fused with the 6×His tag and the 3 putative substrates were fused with the Flag tag. After phosphorylation reaction, the proteins in the mixture were separated on a SDS- PAGE gel. The gel was dried and exposed to X-ray film (top). Immunoblotting with anti-His and anti-Flag antibodies were used to show the levels of the substrate (middle) and kinase (bottom) proteins in the reactions.