图1. “绿色革命”和下一代育种靶标及分子机制
在“绿色革命”中, 抑制GA信号通路导致DELLA蛋白积累, 产生半矮秆表型, 但同时也抑制GRF4的活性进而降低植物氮利用效率。GRF4以及NGR5为下一代高产高效的育种目标提供了优秀的靶点。增强它们的活性可以兼顾高产和营养高效, 突破以肥增产的瓶颈。红色及大字号代表增加, 而绿色和小字号代表降低。

Figure 1. The targets and molecular mechanisms of Green Revolution and next generation breeding
In Green Revolution, suppression of GA signaling leads to accumulation of DELLA protein that results in semi-dwarf phenotype, but it also inhibits activity of GRF4 and subsequently decreases nitrogen use efficiency of crops. GRF4 and NGR5 provide excellent targets for next generation breeding which aims to crops with high nitrogen use efficiency and high yield. Improvement of these two genes helps to achieve yield with low nitrogen input and break through the bottle neck of fertilizer dependent yield increasing. The font size and color of the characters represent increase (red and larger font) or decrease (green and smaller font).