[an error occurred while processing this directive] [an error occurred while processing this directive] [an error occurred while processing this directive]
[an error occurred while processing this directive]

Chinese Bulletin of Botany >

2025 , Vol. 60 >Issue 3: 393 - 406

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11983/CBB24118

RESEARCH ARTICLES

Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics and Expression Characteristics of Lagerstroemia indica GolS Family Genes

  • Xu Tiantian ,
  • Yang Peijian ,
  • Zhou Xiaoxi ,
  • Cao Yi ,
  • Chen Yanhong ,
  • Liu Guoyuan ,
  • Zhang Jian ,
  • Wei Hui
Expand
  • 1School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
    2Nantong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong 226019, China

Received date: 2024-08-04

  Accepted date: 2024-11-12

  Online published: 2024-11-26

Fold

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Galactinol synthase (GolS) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), providing the activated galactosyl group for the biosynthesis and accumulation of RFOs in plants. It plays an important role in plant responses to abiotic stresses.

RATIONALE: Although the role of GolS in plant stress responses has been extensively studied, little is known about the molecular characteristics of the GolSgene family in Lagerstroemia indica. This study aims to identify the members of the LiGolS gene family, analyze their physicochemical properties, gene structure, and expression patterns, and explore their potential functions in salt stress response.

RESULTS: A total of 13 LiGolS gene family members were identified at the whole-genome level. These genes were unevenly distributed across 10 chromosomes. The isoelectric points of the 13 LiGolS proteins ranged from 4.75 to 9.45, with molecular weights varying from 37.69 to 46.12 kDa, and amino acid counts ranging from 327 to 404. Subcellular localization prediction revealed that six proteins were localized to chloroplasts, one to mitochondria, five to the cytoplasm, and one to vacuoles. Additionally, the number of exons in the 13 gene members ranged from 0 to 4. Expression analysis under salt stress showed that all LiGolS genes were upregulated to various degrees after salt treatment, suggesting their potential involvement in salt stress response in L. indica.

CONCLUSION: This study systematically identified and characterized the LiGolS gene family members in L. indica, including their physicochemical properties, gene structure, and expression patterns. These results lay the foundation for further functional analysis of LiGolS genes and provide theoretical insights into their roles in stress responses.



Expression patterns of LiGolS genes in Lagerstroemia indica under salt treatment


(A) Cloud and rain map of LiGolS gene expression in salt-sensitive L. indica cultivars under normal and salt treatment conditions; (B) Cloud and rain map of LiGolS gene expression in salt-tolerant L. indica cultivars under normal and salt treatment conditions; (C) LiGolS gene expression in different varieties of L. indica under normal and salt treatment conditions; (D) Heatmap of LiGolS gene expression patterns before and under salt treatment, this heatmap illustrated the log2-transformed expression levels of LiGolS genes before and after salt treatment (yellow modules indicate higher expression levels, while green modules indicate lower expression levels). M-CK and N-CK indicate salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant cultivars under normal conditions, respectively; M-T and N-T indicate salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant groups under salt treatment conditions, respectively.

Key words： Lagerstroemia indica; LiGolS; salt stress

Cite this article

Xu Tiantian , Yang Peijian , Zhou Xiaoxi , Cao Yi , Chen Yanhong , Liu Guoyuan , Zhang Jian , Wei Hui . Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics and Expression Characteristics of Lagerstroemia indica GolS Family Genes[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2025 , 60(3) : 393 -406 . DOI: 10.11983/CBB24118

[an error occurred while processing this directive]

References

[1] Artimo P, Jonnalagedda M, Arnold K, Baratin D, Csardi G, de Castro E, Duvaud S, Flegel V, Fortier A, Gasteiger E, Grosdidier A, Hernandez C, Ioannidis V, Kuznetsov D, Liechti R, Moretti S, Mostaguir K, Redaschi N, Rossier G, Xenarios I, Stockinger H (2012). ExPASy: SIB bioinformatics resource portal. Nucleic Acids Res 40, W597-W603.
[2] Bailey TL, Williams N, Misleh C, Li WW (2006). MEME: discovering and analyzing DNA and protein sequence motifs. Nucleic Acids Res 34, W369-W373.
[3] Bateman A, Coin L, Durbin R, Finn RD, Hollich V, Griffiths-Jones S, Khanna A, Marshall M, Moxon S, Sonnhammer ELL, Studholme DJ, Yeats C, Eddy SR (2004). The Pfam protein families database. Nucleic Acids Res 32, D138-D141.
[4] Chen CJ, Chen H, Zhang Y, Thomas HR, Frank MH, He YH, Xia R (2020). TBtools: an integrative toolkit develo- a)ped for interactive analyses of big biological data. Mol Plant 13, 1194-1202.
[5] Chou KC, Shen HB (2010). Plant-mPLoc: a top-down strategy to augment the power for predicting plant protein subcellular localization. PLoS One 5, e11335.
[6] da Silveira Falavigna V, Porto DD, Miotto YE, dos Santos HP, de Oliveira PR, Margis-Pinheiro M, Pasquali G, Revers LF (2018). Evolutionary diversification of galactinol synthases in Rosaceae: adaptive roles of galactinol and raffinose during apple bud dormancy. J Exp Bot 69, 1247-1259.
[7] ElSayed AI, Rafudeen MS, Golldack D (2014). Physiological aspects of raffinose family oligosaccharides in plants: protection against abiotic stress. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 16, 1-8.
[8] Fan YH, Yu MN, Liu M, Zhang R, Sun W, Qian MC, Duan HC, Chang W, Ma JQ, Qu CM, Zhang K, Lei B, Lu K (2017). Genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analyses of the GALACTINOL SYNTHASE gene family in rapeseed and tobacco. Int J Mol Sci 18, 2768.
[9] Filiz E, Ozyigit II, Vatansever R (2015). Genome-wide identification of galactinol synthase (GolS) genes in Solanum lycopersicum and Brachypodium distachyon. Comput Biol Chem 58, 149-157.
[10] Gaw?owska M, ?wi?cicki W, Lahuta L, Kaczmarek Z (2017). Raffinose family oligosaccharides in seeds of Pisum wild taxa, type lines for seed genes, domesticated and advanced breeding materials. Genet Resour Crop Evol 64, 569-578.
[11] Gu L, Zhang YM, Zhang MS, Li T, Dirk LMA, Downie B, Zhao TY (2016). ZmGOLS2, a target of transcription factor ZmDREB2A, offers similar protection against abiotic stress as ZmDREB2A. Plant Mol Biol 90, 157-170.
[12] Guerra D, Crosatti C, Khoshro HH, Mastrangelo AM, Mica E, Mazzucotelli E (2015). Post-transcriptional and post-translational regulations of drought and heat response in plants: a spider's web of mechanisms. Front Plant Sci 6, 57.
[13] Guo ZJ, Ma DN, Li J, Wei MY, Zhang LD, Zhou LC, Zhou XX, He SS, Wang L, Shen YJ, Li QQ, Zheng HL (2022). Genome-wide identification and characterization of aquaporins in mangrove plant Kandelia obovata and its role in response to the intertidal environment. Plant Cell Environ 45, 1698-1718.
[14] Huang TW, Luo XL, Fan ZP, Yang YN, Wan W (2021). Genome-wide identification and analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Gene 769, 145191.
[15] Kollist H, Zandalinas SI, Sengupta S, Nuhkat M, Kangasj?rvi J, Mittler R (2019). Rapid responses to abiotic stress: priming the landscape for the signal transduction network. Trends Plant Sci 24, 25-37.
[16] Lescot M, Déhais P, Thijs G, Marchal K, Moreau Y, Van de Peer Y, Rouzé P, Rombauts S (2002). PlantCARE, a database of plant cis-acting regulatory elements and a portal to tools for in silico analysis of promoter sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 30, 325-327.
[17] Letunic I, Doerks T, Bork P (2012). SMART 7: recent updates to the protein domain annotation resource. Nucleic Acids Res 40, D302-D305.
[18] Liu D, Wang KA, Ni P, Wang QY, Zhu K, Wei WL (2022). Identification of soybean GolS gene family and analysis of expression patterns under salt and drought stresses. Chin J Biotechnol 38, 3757-3772. (in Chinese)
  刘丹, 王柯蔼, 倪蓬, 王秋艳, 朱康, 危文亮 (2022). 大豆GolS基因家族鉴定及盐旱胁迫下的表达分析. 生物工程学报 38, 3757-3772.
[19] Liu YD, Zhang L, Chen LJ, Ma H, Ruan YY, Xu T, Xu CQ, He Y, Qi MF (2016). Molecular cloning and expression of an encoding galactinol synthase gene (AnGolS1) in seedling of Ammopiptanthus nanus. Sci Rep 6, 36113.
[20] Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCTmethod. Methods 25, 402-408.
[21] Montillet JL, Chamnongpol S, Rustérucci C, Dat J, van de Cotte B, Agnel JP, Battesti C, Inzé D, Van Breusegem F, Triantaphylidès C (2005). Fatty acid hydroperoxides and H2O2 in the execution of hypersensitive cell death in tobacco leaves. Plant Physiol 138, 1516-1526.
[22] Obata T, Fernie AR (2012). The use of metabolomics to dissect plant responses to abiotic stresses. Cell Mol Life Sci 69, 3225-3243.
[23] Panikulangara TJ, Eggers-Schumacher G, Wunderlich M, Stransky H, Sch?ffl F (2004). Galactinol synthase1. A novel heat shock factor target gene responsible for heat- induced synthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 136, 3148-3158.
[24] Sami F, Yusuf M, Faizan M, Faraz A, Hayat S (2016). Role of sugars under abiotic stress. Plant Physiol Biochem 109, 54-61.
[25] Saravitz DM, Pharr DM, Carter TE (1987). Galactinol synthase activity and soluble sugars in developing seeds of four soybean genotypes. Plant Physiol 83, 185-189.
[26] Selvaraj MG, Ishizaki T, Valencia M, Ogawa S, Dedicova B, Ogata T, Yoshiwara K, Maruyama K, Kusano M, Saito K, Takahashi F, Shinozaki K, Nakashima K, Ishitani M (2017). Overexpression of an Arabidopsis thaliana galactinol synthase gene improves drought tolerance in transgenic rice and increased grain yield in the field. Plant Biotechnol J 15, 1465-1477.
[27] Sengupta S, Mukherjee S, Parween S, Majumder AL (2012). Galactinol synthase across evolutionary diverse taxa: functional preference for higher plants? FEBS Lett 586, 1488-1496.
[28] Sprenger N, Keller F (2000). Allocation of raffinose family oligosaccharides to transport and storage pools in Ajuga reptans: the roles of two distinct galactinol synthases. Plant J 21, 249-258.
[29] Taji T, Ohsumi C, Iuchi S, Seki M, Kasuga M, Kobayashi M, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K (2002). Important roles of drought- and cold-inducible genes for galactinol synthase in stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 29, 417-426.
[30] Verma SS, Chinnusamy V, Bansa KC (2008). A simplified floral dip method for transformation of Brassica napus and B. carinata. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol 17, 197-200.
[31] Vinson CC, Mota APZ, Porto BN, Oliveira TN, Sampaio I, Lacerda AL, Danchin EGJ, Guimaraes PM, Williams TCR, Brasileiro ACM (2020). Characterization of raffinose metabolism genes uncovers a wild Arachis galactinol synthase conferring tolerance to abiotic stresses. Sci Rep 10, 15258.
[32] Wang LX, Lin YX, Hou GY, Yang M, Peng YT, Jiang YY, He CX, She MS, Chen Q, Li MY, Zhang Y, Zhang YT, Wang Y, He W, Wang XR, Tang HR, Luo Y (2024). A histone deacetylase, FaSRT1-2, plays multiple roles in regulating fruit ripening, plant growth and stresses resistance of cultivated strawberry. Plant Cell Environ 47, 2258-2273.
[33] You J, Wang YY, Zhang YJ, Dossa K, Li DH, Zhou R, Wang LH, Zhang XR (2018). Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of genes involved in raffinose accumulation in sesame. Sci Rep 8, 4331.
[34] Yu CM, Liu GY, Qin J, Wan X, Guo AF, Wei H, Chen YH, Lian BL, Zhong F, Zhang J (2024). Genomic and transcriptomic studies on flavonoid biosynthesis in Lagerstroemia indica. BMC Plant Biol 24, 171.
[35] Zhang Z, Li J, Zhao XQ, Wang J, Wong GKS, Yu J (2006). KaKs_calculator: calculating Ka and Ks through model selection and model averaging. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 4, 259-263.
[36] Zhou Y, Liu Y, Wang SS, Shi C, Zhang R, Rao J, Wang X, Gu XG, Wang YS, Li DX, Wei CL (2017). Molecular cloning and characterization of galactinol synthases in Camellia sinensis with different responses to biotic and abiotic stressors. J Agric Food Chem 65, 2751-2759.
[37] Zhuo CL, Wang T, Lu SY, Zhao YQ, Li XG, Guo ZF (2013). A cold responsive galactinol synthase gene from Medicago falcata (MfGolS1) is induced by myo-inositol and confers multiple tolerances to abiotic stresses. Physiol Plant 149, 67-78.
[38] Zuther E, Büchel K, Hundertmark M, Stitt M, Hincha DK, Heyer AG (2004). The role of raffinose in the cold acclimation response of Arabidopsis thaliana. FEBS Lett 576, 169-173.
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉

[an error occurred while processing this directive]