玉米ZmICE2基因调控气孔发育
收稿日期: 2022-11-14
录用日期: 2023-04-18
网络出版日期: 2023-05-23
基金资助
河南大学省部共建作物逆境适应与改良国家重点实验室开放课题(2021KF04);兰州大学细胞活动与逆境适应教育部重点实验室开放基金(lzujbky-2022-kb03);国家自然科学基金(32160490);国家自然科学基金(31860384);甘肃省重大专项计划(21ZD11NA005);甘肃省重大专项计划(21ZD10NF003)
ZmICE2 Regulates Stomatal Development in Maize
Received date: 2022-11-14
Accepted date: 2023-04-18
Online published: 2023-05-23
植物表皮在调节光合作用、呼吸作用、热量散失和水分利用等方面发挥重要作用。在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)等双子叶植物中, 气孔发育机理研究取得显著进展, 报道了3个非常重要的bHLH正调控转录因子(SPCH、MUTE和FAMA), 它们在气孔系细胞分裂与分化的不同阶段特异表达, 分别与转录因子SCRM/ICE1和SCRM2/ICE2形成异二聚体, 共同调控气孔细胞系在3个分裂阶段的细胞形态转换和变化, 最终发育形成气孔复合体。然而, 在单子叶植物尤其是禾本科植物玉米(Zea mays)中, 调控表皮形态建成的基因研究较少。该文利用反向遗传学手段分离到2个单基因隐性遗传突变体Zmice1-1 (inducer of cbf expression1-1)和Zmice2-1, 与对照B73相比, Zmice2-1植株矮小, 叶片黄化, 育性降低, 叶片气孔密度和气孔指数极显著降低, 打破了1个气孔间隔1个表皮长细胞的排列模式; Zmice1-1从五叶一心期开始叶片逐渐发黄, 后期全部黄化, 生长停滞, 纯合不育, 其叶片气孔密度与对照无显著差异。利用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术获得不同位点的等位突变体, 表型鉴定发现Zmice2-2具有气孔异常表型, 并且与Zmice2-1的气孔表型类似, 表明ZmICE2参与调控气孔发育。B73和Zmice2-1的转录组分析表明, ZmICE2主要通过影响细胞分裂和分化来调控气孔发育, 参与玉米表皮形态建成。研究结果有助于进一步完善玉米表皮形态建成机制, 并为提高农作物的抗逆性和产量性状的遗传改良提供了有益的基因资源。
关键词： 玉米; 气孔发育; 气孔密度; 表皮形态建成; CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑
周文期, 周玉乾, 李永生, 何海军, 杨彦忠, 王晓娟, 连晓荣, 刘忠祥, 胡筑兵 . 玉米ZmICE2基因调控气孔发育[J]. 植物学报, 2023 , 58(6) : 866 -881 . DOI: 10.11983/CBB22261
Plant epidermis is crucial in regulating photosynthesis, respiration, heat dissipation, and water utilization. Significant progress has been made in the study of stomatal development in dicotyledonous plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana. Three important bHLH transcription factors (SPCH, MUTE, and FAMA) have been reported to be specifically expressed at different stages of cell division and differentiation in the stomatal lineage. They form heterodimers with another transcription factors SCRM/ICE1 and SCRM2/ICE2 to regulate the morphological transformation and changes of stomatal lineage cells across three stages of division, finally forming the stomatal complex. However, in monocots, especially in Poaceae plants such as maize (Zea mays), studies on genes regulating epidermal morphogenesis are less reported. In this study, two single-gene recessive mutants, Zmice1-1 (inducer of cbf expression1-1) and Zmice2-1, were isolated using reverse genetics approaches. Compared to the control B73, Zmice2-1 exhibited dwarfism, leaf chlorosis, reduced fertility, significantly lower stomatal density and index, disrupted arrangement of epidermal long cells, and absence of spacing between stomata. Zmice1-1 leaves gradually turned yellow from the five-leaf stage and displayed complete chlorosis at later stages. The homozygous Zmice1-1 plants are growth-arrested and sterile, but the stomatal density showed no significant difference compared to the control. Different allels of Zmice2 were obtained using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology. Phenotypic identification showed that Zmice2-2 had an abnormal stomatal phenotype similar to Zmice2-1, indicating that ZmICE2 is involved in the regulation of stomatal development. Transcriptome analysis of B73 and Zmice2-1 revealed that ZmICE2 primarily regulated stomatal development by affecting cell division and differentiation, participating in the formation of maize epidermal morphology. These results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of epidermal morphogenesis in maize and provide valuable genetic resources for improving crop resilience and yield traits.
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