核糖体图谱技术在植物学研究中的应用
收稿日期: 2022-02-14
录用日期: 2022-06-28
网络出版日期: 2022-06-28
基金资助
北京市自然科学基金(6212024);国家自然科学基金(32172638)
Recent Advances of Ribosome Profiling in Plants
Received date: 2022-02-14
Accepted date: 2022-06-28
Online published: 2022-06-28
随着高通量测序技术的持续发展和进步, 开发出很多新颖的测序技术, 为诸多悬而未决的生物学难题提供了解决方案。其中, 核糖体图谱技术能够在全基因组水平和单核苷酸分辨率上监控细胞内的翻译事件, 填补了转录组学和蛋白质组学研究之间的空隙。核糖体图谱技术不仅能够鉴定处于翻译状态的RNA分子, 还能够精确定位RNA分子上正在翻译的核苷酸, 进而准确描绘RNA分子上的开放阅读框。此外, 结合转录组测序数据, 核糖体图谱技术还可以确定每个转录本上的核糖体数量, 从而计算每个转录本的翻译效率。目前, 核糖体图谱技术已成功应用于动物、植物和微生物等研究领域, 加深了人们对翻译调控机制的认识。然而, 由于植物细胞和组织的特性, 核糖体图谱技术在植物学研究中的应用仍然存在局限。该文综述了核糖体图谱技术的实验原理, 以及在植物学研究中的相关进展。
王豫颖, 王威浩 . 核糖体图谱技术在植物学研究中的应用[J]. 植物学报, 2022 , 57(5) : 673 -683 . DOI: 10.11983/CBB22028
With the great development and progress of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies, many newborn techniques have provided solutions to unresolved biological puzzles. Ribosome profiling has emerged as an HTS-based technique that facilitates the genome-wide investigation of translation at single-nucleotide resolution, and it resolves the missing link between transcriptome and translatome. Ribosome profiling not only identifies the mRNAs in translation, but also provides precise positions of the ribosomes on mRNA to help identify the coding regions of the mRNAs. In addition, combined with the parallel RNA sequencing, ribosome profiling can determine the translation efficiency for each mRNA by comparing the rates of protein synthesis and the abundance of mRNAs. Based on its extraordinary advances, ribosome profiling has been successfully applied in animals, plants and microbes, and has thoroughly enhanced our understanding of translational regulation. However, due to the restrictions caused by the physical characteristics of plant cells and tissues, there are still considerable limitations in the application of ribosome profiling in plants. Here, we introduce the experimental principle of ribosome profiling and review the recent progresses made in botanical researches.
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