植物对不同生长环境具有不同的适应机制。华南忍冬(Lonicera confusa)是生长于岩溶富钙环境下的典型植物, 它具有通过气孔泌钙方式适应富钙环境的特性。以华南忍冬为研究对象, 利用环境扫描电镜系统研究了华南忍冬气孔泌钙现象, 并对泌钙后自组装的不同生物矿化物质进行了能谱分析, 同时对比分析了能谱仪的点扫描和面扫描方式对相同物质的检测效果。结果表明: 生长于岩溶富钙环境下的华南忍冬叶片表面不同晶型的钙盐是由气孔排出后形成的; 钙盐分泌出组织后, 自组装成多种形态的晶体, 如晶沙、球晶和棱晶, 晶体中除含有较高的钙外, 还含有一定量的硫及其它元素, 推测晶体的成核物质可能是由含硫氨基酸构成的蛋白质。研究结果为相关钙盐的仿生矿化研究提供了一定的启示。能谱分析能有效用于植物表面的微区分析及植物分泌物的物质基础测定。
Plants have several strategies to adapt to different environments. Lonicera confusa is a typical species in karst calcium (Ca)-rich environments; to adapt to the Ca-rich environment, it excretes calcium by leaf stoma. In the present study, the calcium-excretion process of L. confusa was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). We compared the different types of Ca crystals by self-assembly of secreted products with point and line-by-line scanning. Ca crystals are formed after Ca salt is excreted by stoma of L. confusa in the karst Ca-rich environment. Ca salt could self-assemble 3 types of crystals, prisms, ball and crystal sand. Crystals have a large amount of Ca, and sulfur (S) and other elements, which are present in certain ratio. The crystal nucleus protein is rich in S element, which is beneficial for biomineralization of Ca-related crystal and others. EDX could be effectively used for microprobe analysis of plant leaves and identifying plant-excreted products.
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