次氯酸钠(NaClO)离析法主要用于植物叶片表皮的观测, 在研究过程中发现该法也可用于叶片脉序的观测。以甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var. capitata)为实验材料, 采用二次正交设计方法对水煮时间、NaOH浓度、NaOH处理时间、NaClO浓度、NaClO处理温度和处理时间等各种处理条件进行优化筛选, 以期得到适合于甘蓝叶片脉序观测的最佳处理条件组合。实验结果表明, 新鲜甘蓝叶片水煮3分钟, 10%的NaOH溶液60°C水浴处理2.5小时, 3%的NaClO溶液40°C水浴离析2小时,叶片脉序的观测效果最佳。

NaClO maceration is used to observe the epidermis of plant leaves. Here, we reviewed its use for observing leaf nervation. The Brassica oleracea var. capitata leaf was used as material, and the optimal reaction conditions of NaClO maceration with boiling time, NaOH concentration and treatment time, as well as NaClO concentration and treatment temperature and time were obtained by orthogonal design performed twice. The reaction condition of NaClO maceration for leaf nervation observation was determined. For fresh leaves, the best condition was boiling for 3 min, then 10% NaOH 60°C water bath for 2.5 h, then 3% NaClO 40°C water bath for 2 h.