随着全球气候急剧变化, 植物生长发育的生态环境日趋恶劣, 生物钟与光、温受体互作协同传递环境信号并调控下游生长发育的应答机制受到广泛关注。生物钟作为植物内源计时器, 其核心是由多个耦联的转录-翻译反馈环组成, 在转录、转录后、翻译、翻译后和表观修饰层面受到多层级精细调控。这些精密的调控机制保证生物钟能不断被外界环境信号驯化和重置, 使内源节律与外界环境相匹配, 从而赋予植物优化资源利用和趋向最适生长的能力, 对于指导农作物遗传改良和引种驯化具有重要意义。该综述总结了生物钟核心振荡器的多层级调控机制以及同源基因在农作物中的分子功能, 详述了生物钟与光、温环境信号通路间的互作网络, 展望了以此为基础的作物分子育种, 为扩展农作物的环境适应性和优化改良农艺性状提供了新思路。

With the sharp change of the global climate, the ecological environment for plant is becoming increasingly harsh, therefore the molecular mechanisms underlying how circadian synergistically interacts with light or temperature receptors to transmit environmental signals and rhythmically regulate various growth and development process received widespread attention. As an endogenous timer of plants, the core oscillator of circadian clock is composed of multiple coupled transcriptional-translational feedback loops (TTFL), and it is modified from transcription, post-transcription, translation, post-translation to epigenetic levels. These multi-precise regulatory mechanisms ensure that the circadian clock can be synchronized and reset by external signals, so that the endogenous rhythm matches with external cycles,  thereby endowing plants with the ability to optimize resource utilization and tend towards the optimal growth, which also has an important significance for guiding the genetic improvement and domestication of crops. In this review, we summarized the multi-level of regulatory mechanisms of core oscillator as well as the molecular function of circadian homologous genes in crops, thoroughly described the interaction network between the circadian clock and the light and temperature signal pathways and give prospects for molecular breeding based on the opinion, which provides new ideas for expanding the environmental adaptability and optimizing agronomic traits of crops.