生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 25281.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025281  cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025281

• 生物编目 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国西南喀斯特地区大型真菌物种编目

谭廷鸿1,2#*, 高帆1#, 杨雨3, 肖群英4, 吴春芳1, 邱娜1, 赵宁宁1, 周敏1, 康公平2,5, 卢志宏6, 高健强1,2, 杨红1,2, 杨传东1,2, 邓春英7*   

  1. 1. 铜仁学院农林工程与规划学院, 贵州铜仁 554300; 2. 铜仁学院贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室, 贵州铜仁 554300; 3. 贵州理工学院食品药品制造工程学院, 贵阳 550025; 4. 贵州工程应用技术学院生态工程学院, 贵州毕节 551700; 5. 湖南人文科技学院农业与生物技术学院, 湖南娄底 417000; 6. 广西农业职业技术大学农业工程学院, 南宁 530007; 7.贵州科学院贵州省生物研究所, 贵阳 550009
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-20 修回日期:2025-10-20 接受日期:2026-01-03 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 谭廷鸿, 邓春英

Macrofungal species cataloging in karst areas of southwestern China

Tinghong Tan1,2#*, Fan Gao1#, Yu Yang3, Qunying Xiao4, Chunfang Wu1, Na Qiu1, Ningning Zhao1, Min Zhou1, Gongping Kang2,5, Zhihong Lu6, Jianqiang Gao1,2, Hong Yang1,2, Chuandong Yang1,2, Chunying Deng7*   

  1. 1 School of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China 

    2 Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China 

    3 School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550025, China 

    4 School of Ecological Engineering, Guizhou University of Engineering Science, Bijie, Guizhou 551700, China 

    5 College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, Hunan 417000, China 

    6 College of Agricultural Engineering, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning 530007, China 

    7 Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China

  • Received:2025-07-20 Revised:2025-10-20 Accepted:2026-01-03 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-03-23
  • Contact: Tinghong Tan, Chunying Deng

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摘要： 大型真菌在生态功能和社会经济效益上具有重大价值。为系统分析中国西南喀斯特地区大型真菌的区系组成与物种多样性特征, 探究特殊地貌对大型真菌生长分布的影响, 本研究通过样线法和随机踏查法, 历时7年采自贵州、广西、云南大型真菌样本12,451份, 结合形态学与ITS序列证据进行鉴定, 并通过查阅相关文献资料, 对该地区大型真菌的区系特征和资源价值进行分析。结果显示, 西南喀斯特地区大型真菌共1,505种(2门10纲27目118科418属), 其中包括已发表新种19个、中国新记录种1个、贵州省新记录种1个。优势科共41个(34.75%), 包括红菇科、多孔菌科、牛肝菌科等; 优势属73个(17.46%), 包括红菇属(Russula)、鹅膏属(Amanita)、乳菇属(Lactarius)等。对大型真菌资源价值的评价结果显示, 食用菌、药用菌和毒蘑菇分别为263种、176种和237种, 表明该区大型真菌资源十分丰富。科级区系地理成分以世界广布成分为主, 属级区系地理成分则表现出一定程度的多样性。研究结果可为西南喀斯特地区大型真菌多样性保护和资源合理利用提供可靠依据。

关键词: 大型真菌, 喀斯特地区, 资源类型, 生物编目, 生物多样性

Abstract

Aims: Macrofungi hold significant ecological and socioeconomic value. To analyze the floristic composition and species diversity of macrofungi in the karst areas of southwestern China and clarify the influence of distinctive geomorphological features on their distribution, a comprehensive survey was conducted. The results are expected to provide a scientific basis for biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization of macrofungal resources in the areas. 

Methods: Over a seven-year period, 12,451 macrofungal specimens were collected from Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan using line transect and random survey methods. Species identification integrated morphological characterization and molecular phylogenetic analysis using ITS sequences. Taxonomic data were cross-referenced with literature to analyze floristic components and resource values. 

Results: A total of 1,505 macrofungal species (2 phyla, 10 classes, 27 orders, 118 families, 418 genera) were identified in the karst areas of southwestern China. Among these, 19 new species, 1 new record species for China, and 1 new record species for Guizhou. Dominant families constituted 34.75% of total families (41/118), with Russulaceae, Polyporaceae, and Boletaceae exhibiting the highest species richness. At genus level, 17.46% of genera (73/418) demonstrated dominance, particularly Russula, Amanita, and Lactarius. The evaluation of macrofungal resource values identified 263 edible species, 176 medicinal species, and 237 toxic species, indicating considerable fungal diversity in this region. Floristic analysis revealed cosmopolitan distributions predominate at the family level (54.24%), while higher biogeographic diversity was observed at the genus level.

Key words: macrofungi, karst areas, resource type, species cataloging, biodiversity

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