Abstract: The reciprocal interspecific hybrid F₁ from Oryza sativa L. (smooth indica rice P1003 of USA) crossed with Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) was used to investigate the meiosis behavior, chromosome recombination, and characteristics of male gametophytes. The pollen mother cells (PMCs) of the reciprocal interspecific hybrid F₁ showed successive cytokinesis and a relatively higher synchronization in nuclear division. The nucleolus disappeared gradually from prophase I to metaphase I. With condensation of chromatins, chromosomes became more identifiable from prophase I to metaphase I. At diakinesis and metaphase I, 90.5% of PMCs could form 12 bivalent chromosome configurations, including a few bar-bivalents and “8”-shaped bivalents. Low frequency univalents, trivalents and tetravalents were observed in other PMCs (9.46% PMCs in the original cross; 7.65% PMCs in the reciprocal cross). At anaphase I, one or more lagging chromosomes were observed in 1.27%–1.35% of PMCs. Finally, 92.6%–94.8% of microspores could develop into normal and stainable pollen grains. In addition, 2 nucleoli were observed in P1003 × Dongxiang wild rice at prophase I. However, Dongxiang wild rice × P1003 and their parents had only one nucleolus. These results provide cytological evidence for crop enhancement and phylogenic relationships of rice.